PSA Flashcards
common side effect of Lymecycline
photosensitivity
medication to induce a withdrawal bleed in PCOS
medroxyprogesterone, 10, mg, oral, once a day
prescription for iron deficiency anaemia
ferrous sulfate, 200, mg, oral, once a day
Management of paraccetamol OD in pt with level >150/kg
Admit and commence N-Acetylcysteine 150 mg/kg IV over 1
hour immediately followed by 50 mg/kg IV over 4 hours, then 100 mg/kg IV over
16 hours.
Activated charcoal given only if ingested <1hr ago
what kind of laxatives should be used in a patient with haemorrhoids
Bulk forming laxatives
eg.
Methylcellulose, 1, g, oral, three times a day
Sterculia, 2, sachet(s), oral, once a day
Types of laxatives and when to give them
Anticoag given for suspected PE
rivaroxiban or apixiban
offer apixaban or rivaroxaban first line, and if
these are not suitable, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for at least 5 days followed by dabigatran or edoxaban, or
LMWH concurrently with a vitamin K antagonist for at least 5 days”. LMWH is always the anti-coagulant of choice in patients
who also have cancer.
Post op anticoag
Aspirin, 75mg, mg, oral, once a day
Enoxaparin, 40, mg, subcutaneous, once a day
Dalteparin, 5000, units, subcutaneous, once a day
Rivaroxaban, 10, mg, oral, once a day
Causes of gingival hyperplasia
phenytoin, ciclosporin, calcium channel blockers and AML
CYP450 enzyme inducers
(crap GPs)
Carbemazepine
Rifampicin, ritonavir
Alcohol (chronic)
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Phenobarbitol
St johns wort, smoking, sulphonyureas
CYP450 enzyme inhibitors
(sickfaces.com)
Sodium valporate
Isoniazid
Ciprofloxacin
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Alcohol (binge drinking)
Cimetidine
Erthyromycin
Sulfonamides
Chloramphenicol
Omeprazole
Metronidazole
when should warfarin be stopped before elective surgery?
5 days before
checlk INR night before
high risk of VTE pt may require bridging with LMWH and stopped 24hrs before surgery
pts on warfarin requiring emergency surgery
give IV vitamin K and try do delay surgery for 6-12 hrs if possible
medical reasons for needing VTE prophylaxis
Significant reduction in mobility for 3 days or more (or anticipated to have significantly reduced mobility)
active cancer/chemotherapy
Aged over 60
Known blood clotting disorder (e.g. thrombophilia)
BMI over 35
Dehydration
One or more significant medical comorbidities (e.g. heart disease; metabolic/endocrine pathologies; respiratory disease; acute infectious disease and inflammatory conditions)
Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
Use of the combined oral contraceptive pill
Varicose veins
Pregnant or less than 6 weeks post-partum
surgical reasons for needing VTE prophylaxis
Hip/knee replacement
Hip fracture
General anaesthetic and a surgical duration of over 90 minutes
Surgery of the pelvis or lower limb with a general anaesthetic and a surgical duration of over 60 minutes
Acute surgical admission with an inflammatory/intra-abdominal condition
Surgery with a significant reduction in mobility
Critical care admission
options for VTE prophylaxis
TED stockings
fondaparinaux sodium
LMWH eg. enoxoparin
unfractionated heparin
drugs that should be reviewed in an elderly pt with confusion
opioids
Benzodiazepines
cyclizine
check Na
what drug should be stopped if a patient is started on clarithromycin
statins
as clari is an inhibitor therefor increases does of statin and increases risk of SEs
what is the correct way to measure tacrolimus levels?
trough level before the morning or evening dose
inducing withdrawal bleed in PCOS
methylprogesterone acetate 10mg PO OD
what should be monitored to look for beneficial results of furosemide in acute HF?
daily weights
what drug can causes cholestatic jaundice
flucloxacillin
drugs to be with held in AKI
Diuretics
ACEi
Metformin
NSAIDs
+ allopurinol
nitrofurantoin avoided if eGFR low
what should be done to monitor beneficial response to ACEi in HF Mx
exercise tolerance
LV function
what are the most serious adverse effects of ciclosporin
nephrotoxicity and HPTN
which diabetic drug is CI in HF and why
thiazolidinediones
can cause fluid retention
which drugs are usually given once weekly
methotrexate
bisphosphonates
