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Philosophy > Proving Existence Of God > Flashcards

Proving Existence Of God Flashcards

1
Q

Aristotelian ideas used by aquinas

A

Version of nature and reality
Causes is better foundation for own faith
Contain supreme good in reality on earth
5 ways/4 causes

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2
Q

How did aquinas try to prove existence of God

A

Causation
Eschatology- saved by Christ, Aristotle doesn’t fit into this as he thinks once dead so is soul
Cosmological argument
Unmoved mover-can’t prove it but closest proximation of god

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3
Q

Inductive

A

Premises will always support conclusion but don’t logically prove it

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4
Q

Analogical

A

Comparison between 2 things for the purpose of clarification

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5
Q

Teleological argument

A

P1) order, regularity, purpose and beauty
P2) look at object, may infer it was designed
P3)world is object containing properties of p1
P4) world designed, designer called god

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6
Q

Proto design

A

Idea together but not formally put into philosophical argument

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7
Q

Aquinas fifth way

A

P1) see things which lack intelligence
P2)act for an end, acting always in same way to obtain best result
P3)designed, do they achieve their end
P4)whatever lacks intelligence can’t move towards end unless directed by someone intelligent
P5) their end , God

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8
Q

Archer and arrow

A

Arrow no intelligence, needs someone behind it in order to hit target
World needs god

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9
Q

William paley

A

English philosopher
Opposed to Slave trade
Natural theology

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10
Q

Theology

A

Study of god

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11
Q

Natural theology - William paley

A

Process of deriving knowledge of God from the use of natural human reason.
Nah appeal to general advice the world and our understanding in theology in NT

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12
Q

Revealed theology

A

Process of deriving knowledge of God from contact with god himself.

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13
Q

Design argument - Hume

A

Argument by analogy
Purpose put their by intelligent creator
Watch design

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14
Q

Design Qua purpose

A

Argument claiming that everything is designed to fulfil some function of purpose

Something causes something to have a purpose

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15
Q

Design Qua regularity

A

Arguments claiming that regularity and order can be observed in the physical world

Features of regularity and order must be caused by something

Plato argued from this making ref to solar system

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16
Q

Aesthetic argument

A

Ability to appreciate beauty of surroundings not result of natural selection

17
Q

David Hume criticism of teleological argument

A

Accept premises don’t have to accept conclusion
Analogies aren’t useful- watch and eye aren’t as close as thought to be
False analogy

18
Q

Science criticism of teleological argument

A

Bug bang
Natural selection
Evolution offers adequate evidence

19
Q

Js mill criticism of teleological argument

A

Evil and suffering

20
Q

Anthropic principle

A

Claims that universe have been destined for ultimate purpose of producing intelligent life

21
Q

Anthropic principle tennant

A

Argued it was possible to imagine chaotic universe with no rules or laws
Universe isn’t chaotic
Evidence suggests that universe is result of careful design, follow evolutionary process creating environment in which intelligent life could exist

22
Q

Aesthetic argument

A

Argument for the existence of a realm of immaterial ideas or most commonly existence of God
Appreciation of beauty , not necessary for survival so not result of natural selection

23
Q

Argument from probability

A

Swinburne
Put forward version of design argument based on probability
Observed that the order in the universe and the way it provides conditions necessary for life and concludes that an intelligent designer is the best explanation that we have

24
Q

Swinburne argument key points

A

*All bodies in universe conform to same laws
*Provided conduction necessary for human life to develop
*Providential world, humans can contribute to its development and maintenance within limitations of natural laws
*World not chaotic meaning it was designed
Intelligent designed universe can’t be proved
*Natural laws designed that that they happen by chance
*God is simplest explanation for the design

25
Q

Richard Dawkins criticism of natural design

A

Laryngeal nerve in giraffe shows it wasn’t designed otherwise designed would’ve corrected mistakes

26
Q

Hume questions to God

A

All powerful? Why volcanoes
All loving? Why innocent suffering
All knowing? Why is there flaws in the design

Theists say that god gave human free will and evil is a result of wrong choices

27
Q

Big Bang

A

Explosion 14.7 billion years ago
Chance, no cause
Life came about by chance

28
Q

Charles Darwin

A

Life began with simple single cells creatures
By chance they mutated and developed into more complex life forms
Species developed
Those survived, pass genes on

Philosophy (8 decks)

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