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microbiology > protozoans > Flashcards

protozoans Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Sarcodina

A

locomotion: amoeboid movement
pseudopods - false feet
no particular shape
exoskeleton (radiolaria & foraminifera)

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2
Q

Amoeba proteus

A

sarcodina
non-pathogen
free living, saprophyte

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3
Q

Radiolaria

A

sarcodina
non-pathogen
exoskeleton - silicon dioxide
free living, saprophyte

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4
Q

Foraminifera

A

sarcodina
non-pathogen
exoskeleton - calcium carbonate
free living, saprophyte

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5
Q

Entamoeba gingivalis

A

sarcodina
non-pathogen
commensal (in mouth)

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6
Q

Entamoeba coli

A

sarcodina
non-pathogen
mutulist (in colon)
makes vitamin B

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7
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

sarcodina
pathogen - vacuoles with red blood cells from host
disease: amoebic dysentery/amoebiasis
transmission: ingestion of cysts
symptoms: peritonitis (secondary bacterial infections), abscesses on vital organs
treatment: Flagyl

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8
Q

Iodamoeba butschlii

A

sarcodina
pathogen
disease: gastroenteritis (type of dysentery)
transmission: food and water born - ingestion of cyst (oral/fecal route)

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9
Q

Endolimax nana

A

sarcodina
pathogen
disease: gastroenteritis (dysentery)
transmission: food and water born (oral/fecal route) ingestion of cyst

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10
Q

Naegleria fowleri

A

sarcodina
true pathogen
disease: meningoencephalitis
transmission: swimming (nasal mucosa –> meninges & brain
dimorphic - amoeba (25C), flagellate (37C)

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11
Q

Ciliophora

A

locomotion: cilia
most structurally advanced, extremely complex cells
asexual reproduction - fission (macronucleus)
sexual reproduction - conjugation (micronucleus) - mixing of genes

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12
Q

Ciliophora

A

locomotion: cilia
most structurally advanced, extremely complex cells
asexual reproduction - fission (macronucleus)
sexual reproduction - conjugation (micronucleus) - mixing of genes

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13
Q

Paramecium caudatum

A

ciliophora
non-pathogen
food –> peristome –> cytostome, –> cytopharynx –> food vacuoles –> anal pore

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14
Q

Balantidium coli

A 
ciliophora
pathogen
largest protozoan that is a pathogen
habitat: colon of humans and swine
disease: gastroenteritis/dysentery (may invade other tissues and enter cerebral spinal fluid)
transmission: oral/fecal
diagnosis: ID cyst in feces (fecal smear)
treatment: metronidazole
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15
Q

Mastigophora

A

locomotion: flagella
asexual reproduction - fission
sexual reproduction - gametes

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16
Q

Euglena species

A 
mastigophora
non-pathogen
protozoan and algae
nutrition: chemoorganotroph (cytostome), phototroph (chloroplast)
eye spot: senses light
17
Q

Euglena species

A 
mastigophora
non-pathogen
protozoan and algae
nutrition: chemoorganotroph (cytostome), phototroph (chloroplast)
eye spot: senses light
18
Q

Giardia lamblia

A

mastigophora
pathogen - “old man in stool”
disease: giardiasis
symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, intestinal gas, weakness
pathology: erosion of small intestine epithelium,
self-limiting: last two or more weeks
transmission: oral/fecal
animal reservoirs: wild mammals (beavers), domestsic horses, mules
diagnosis: cyst in feces
treatment: metronidazole, flagyl

19
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

mastigophora
pathogen/STD
undulating membrane & flagella
no cyst, trophozoite form only
transmission: sexual contact (transferred quickly, trophozoite can live outside body for 3-4 mins)
symptoms: vaginitis (female), asymptomatic (male)
daignosis: microscopic examination of trophozoite from discharge
treatment - metronidazole, flagyl

20
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense/rhodesiense

A 
mastigophora
pathogen
disease: african sleeping sickness
causes the most serious flagellate disease
undulating membrane
transmission: bite of tse-tse fly
treatment: Eflornithine
21
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi

A

mastigophora
pathogen
disease: chaga’s disease
location: south america, central america, mexico, texas
undulating membrane & flagella
animal reseroirs: rodents, opossums, armadillos
transmission: bite of reduviid bug (bed bug)
symptoms: fatal myocarditis, encephalitis
treatment: none - intracellular reproduction of parasite is difficult to treat

22
Q

Sporozoa

A

sporaozoans
locomotion: non-motile
all species are pathogens
obligate intracellular parasite - needs to be inside host cell

23
Q

Cryptosporidium parvum

A

sporozoan
disease: Cryptosporidiosis
transmission: water contaminated with cysts (oocyst) from animal live stock waste (cattle (oral/fecal)
symptoms: gastroenteritis - diarrhea, 24 hr flu
AIDS patients - severe symptoms, death
treatment: poor, lack of effective drugs
diagnosis: microscopic ID - cysts in fecal samples, fluorescent antibody test - detect oocysts in water source

microbiology (5 decks)

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