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Parasitology > Protozoa-intro > Flashcards

Protozoa-intro Flashcards

1
Q

How do protozoa reproduce

A

asexual

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2
Q

What are some characteristics of Sarcomastigophora

A

distinct nucleus
Flagella
Asexual
Direct and indirect lifecycles

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3
Q

What is the main disease of Sarcomastigophora

A

Giaridia

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4
Q

What are some characteristics of Giardia

A

Transferred by fecal

Direct lifecycle

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5
Q

What is the most common form of giardia

A

Duodenalis

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6
Q

What do you see in a fecal float of Giardia

A

Cyst

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7
Q

Where do you see Giardia trophozoites

A

Smears

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8
Q

What do Giardia trophozoites look like

A

2 nuclei
8 flagella
Adhesive disk

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9
Q

How many nuclei does the Giardia cyst have

A

4

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10
Q

What stage is Giardia transferred in

A

Ingested in cyst stage

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11
Q

What are the clinical signs of Giardia

A

Diarrhea

Majority asymptomatic

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12
Q

What are some characteristics of Tritichomonas

A 
Flagella
Undulating membrane
axostyle
pseudocysts
longitudinal binary fission
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13
Q

Characteristics of T. Foetus

A

Bovine

Venerial disease

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14
Q

Clinical features of T. Foetus

A

Early or late term abortions
breeding rates decrease
asymptomatic in bulls

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15
Q

How to diagnose Trich

A

Collect organisms

Culture organisms

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16
Q

Characteristics of feline trich

A

large bowel disease

chronic diarrhea

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17
Q

How do you diagnose feline Trichomoniasis

A

Direct fecal smear

Culture

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18
Q

What’s the difference between Tritrich and Giardia movement

A

Trich is spastic

Giardia is fluidlike

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19
Q

Characteristics of Trypanosomes

A 
Transmitted by blood feeding invertebrates
Kietoplast
Pleomorphic
cytoskeleton
Single nucleus
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20
Q

What is characteristic of trypomastigote

A

Elongated cell body
single flagellum
newer infections
in blood

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21
Q

What is characteristic of amastigote

A

Rounded cell body
Short flagellum
in muscles

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22
Q

What is the vector of Trypanosoma cruzi

A

Reduviid bug

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23
Q

How is trypanosoma cruzi transferred

A

Metacyclic trypomastigotes in the feces of indirect host

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24
Q

What organs do trypomastigotes target

A

spleen
liver
lymph

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25
Q

What happens in acute disease of trypanosomaiasis

A

myocarditis
lethargy
hepatomegaly

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26
Q

What happens in chronic infection of trypanosoma cruzi

A

Dilated enlarged heart
arrhythmia
lethargy

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27
Q

How do diagnose trypanosoma cruzi

A

TESA blot

ELISA

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28
Q

What are the treatments for Trypanosoma cruzi

A

none

29
Q

Characteristics of Apicomplexa

A 
Distinct nucleus
subpellicular tubules
Apical complex
Species/organ specific
monoxenous
30
Q

What species does Cystoisospora infect

A

dogs
cats
pigs
humans

31
Q

What species does Eimeria infect

A 
birds
cattle/small ruminates
horses
rodents
pigs
32
Q

How does both cystoisopora and Eimera reproduce

A 
Asexual and sexual reproduction
-sporogony
-schizogony
-gametogony
Sporulated oocyst
33
Q

What does the host injest

A

Sporulated oocyst

34
Q

Characteristics of sporulated Cystoisospora oocysts

A

2 sporocysts each with 4 sporozoites

35
Q

Characteristics of sporulated Eimeria oocysts

A

4 sporocysts each with 2 sporozoites

36
Q

What happens in sporogony

A

oocyst replicates and releases many sporozoites

asexual in environment

37
Q

What happens in schizogony

A

asexual inside host

38
Q

what is gametogony

A

sexual inside of host

39
Q

What are some characteristics of Emieria

A

Resistant oocyst
Development in ileum and colon
intracellular

40
Q

What are clinical signs of Eimeria

A

diarrhea

41
Q

Characterictics of E. bovis

A

easier to diagnose
Oocysts present when disease begins
Gametogony causes majority of damage

42
Q

Characteristics of E. zuernii

A

most severe
Schizogony produces most damage
projectile bloody diarrhea
(basically like eating chipotle)

43
Q

Characteristics of Cystoisospora suis

A

Pigs
1st disease of suckling piglets
Contaminated feces
sporozoites penetrate villous epithelium

44
Q

Clinical signs of Cystoisospora suis

A

pasty/liquid diarrhea

no blood in feces

45
Q

How to prevent Coccidiosis

A

reduce fecal contamination

automatic watering systems

46
Q

What is the main difference between esistoisporia and Cryptospordium

A

Crypto can reinfect host

Sporogony is different

47
Q

clinical signs of crypto

A

yellow, profuse, watery diarrhea

48
Q

What cell type are all Protozoa

A

Eukaryotic

49
Q

Hosts of toxoplasma gondii

A

Intermediate: most mammals
Definitive: cats

50
Q

Transmission of Toxoplasmosis

A

oocysts
raw meat
transplacental

51
Q

What are the three life stages of toxoplamsa

A

Tachyzoite: asexual division, rapid, liver, lungs, spleen
Bradyzoites: slowly dividing, heart, brain, eyes
Sexual reproduction

52
Q

What is the main way cats get Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Eat oocyst

also have tachyzoite: congenital, and bradyzoite: IH

53
Q

Where are oocysts located

A

feces

54
Q

What stages of Toxoplasma are unique to cat

A

Schizogony gametogony

55
Q

What varies the prepatent period of toxoplasma gondii

A

how the cat is infected

56
Q

Clinical signs of Toxoplasma gondii

A

no confirmed oocyst shedding

fever, anorexia, jaundice, death

57
Q

Diagnosis of toxoplasma gondii

A

Fecal float

58
Q

What are the DH and IH of Sarcocystis

A

DH: carnivore
IH: herbivore

59
Q

What is the lifecycle of Sarcocystis

A

Gametogony occurs in intestine of DH
Sporocytes released into feces
Schizogony occurs in endothelial cells of blood vessels
Ruptures and sarcocysts form in skeletal muscle

60
Q

Clinical signs of Sacocystis cruzi

A 
IH
fever
diarrhea
abortion
decreased milk yield
61
Q

What is a horse to Sarcocystis neurona

A

Dead end host

Schizonts develop in neural cells and destroy them

62
Q

What is the DH for Cytauxzoon felis

A

Cats

63
Q

what is the IH for Cytauxzoon felis

A

lonestar tick

dog tick

64
Q

What is the reservoir for Cytauxzoon felis

A

bobcats

65
Q

Life cycle of cytauxzoon felis

A

asexual repro in salivary glands of tick
schizogony occurs in macrophages of cat
merozoites released when macrophage ruptures
enter erythrocytes develop into piroplasms
tick ingests piroplasms

66
Q

How pathogenic is cytauxzoon felis

A

very pathogenic

67
Q

What are the two forms of cytauxzoon felis

A

fatal and non-fatal

68
Q

What is the most destructive phase of cytauxzoon felis

A

Schizogenous phase

block blood vessels

Parasitology (21 decks)

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