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Microbial Diseases > Protozoa > Flashcards

Protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

Vector definition

A

Disease transmitted through a vector, not human-human (malaria)

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2
Q

Protozoan transmission routes (5)

A
  • Ingestion
  • Vectors
  • Sexual contact
  • Transovarial
  • Placental
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3
Q

Protozoan symptoms caused by (3)

A
  • Damaging host tissue
  • Toxic products
  • Immune response, inflammation and chronic
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4
Q

Sporozoite

A

Infective stage of Plasmodium (Malaria)

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5
Q

Schizogony

A

Asexual reproduction of Plasmodium (Malaria)

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6
Q

Merozoites

A

Effector state of Plasmodium (Malaria)

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7
Q

Ring Stage

A

Cyclic stage of Plasmodium (Malaria) infection for growing Merozoites and rupture of RBCs

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8
Q

Gametocytes

A

Some merozoites infect new cells other go on to develop male and female forms (gametocytes)

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9
Q

Trophozoite

A

Active, growing stage of Plasmodium (Malaria) during the ring stage

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10
Q

Role of Duffy Antigen and Plasmodium (Malaria)

A

Duffy antigen is a surface antigen that facilitate the invasion of RBC

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11
Q

Echinocytosis

A

Invasion of Plasmodium (Malaria) can cause ionic imbalance which disturbs the membrane of RBC. Evens out on its own

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12
Q

Describe cyclical malarial fever

A

Asexual cycle syncs up. The rupture of RBCs leads to merozoites and toxin release. Binds to receptors and releases inflammatory cytokines -> Elevate core body temp

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13
Q

Effect of dense granules relased from Plasmodium to RBCs

A

Parasite infected RBCs produce surface Ags that are produced by the dense granules - changes the surface of RBC (3 different types)

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14
Q

How many groups of RBC presenting Plasmodium antigen are there

A 
3 
PfeEMP1 - adhesin
RIFINs - adhesin
STEVOR - rosette forming adhesin
Helps to evade the immune system
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15
Q

Exocytoplasmic vacuole pathogenesis for Cryptosporidiosis

A

Created a bubble to hide itself from the immune system

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16
Q

Humans role in Toxoplasmosis life cycle

A

Terminal hosts. Incidental hosts occurs due to human interaction with natural hosts

17
Q

Tachyzoites and bradyzoites

A

Toxoplasma components of Toxoplasmosis

18
Q

Toxoplasmosis and neonates

A

Can be transmitted from mother -> baby. Infection can be worse during 1st/2nd trimester

19
Q

Parasitoophorous vacuole (PV) Toxoplasmosis

A

Bubble formation to evade the immune system

20
Q

Main structure of Apicomplexa (obligate intracellular)

A

Apical complex: Pointy structure helps with invasion into host cell. Mechanical and secretory components

21
Q

Oocyst function

A

Dormant, protective state

Microbial Diseases (9 decks)

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