Neisseria: gonococci Flashcards
Primary cell type infected by N.gonorrhoeae?
Urogenital epithelia
But can cause conjunctivitis in babies
What is DGI?
Disseminated Gonococcal Disease
- Rare, but serious (more common in women)
- Endocarditis
- Meningitis
- Arthritis
- Dermatitis
- Endometritis, salpingitis, peritonitis
What is PID
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Can lead to abscess/scarring = infertility, ectopic pregnancies, pain
Place in order: N.gonorrhoeae infection
- NOD and TLR activation on endothelial cells and macrophages = TIFA-dependent activation
- Adherence
- Influx of neutrophils - adherence and phagocytosis of pathogen
- Release LOS and OMVs
- Competition and colonisation
- Neutrophil-rich discharge helps transmission
- Cytokine, chemokine, inflammatory TF activation
1) Adherence
2) Competition and colonisation
3) Release LOS and OMVs
4) Cytokine, chemokine, inflammatory TF activation
5) NOD and TLR activation on endothelial cells and macrophages = TIFA-dependent activation
6) Influx of neutrophils - adherence and phagocytosis of pathogen
7) Neutrophil-rich discharge helps transmission
Antigenic variation from…
Pilli
Evading the immune system (3)
- Prevent complement activation, opsonisation and bacterial killing
- Changes macrophage, DCs and neutrophil action
- Varies cell surface antigens and modulates t cells
Laboratory diagnosis
- Examine secretions
- Swabs
- Nucleic amplification (strand displacement amplification assay)
- QRT PCR
- Culture
Treatment of Gonococcal disease
High AMR
- Dual antibiotic treatment : Ceftriaxone and Azithromycin
Ideas to control Gonococcal disease to prevent ‘superbug’
- Effective diagnosis
- Partner notification
- Epidemiological investigations
- New treatments: target lipids in LOS, mimic defenses, supplement IL-2, cross-protection from the meningococcal vaccine?
