Morphologically the same as E. histolytica Not invasive − No ingested RBCS in the trophozoite stage ❖ Does not elicit the production of serum AbS

Protoozoology: Amoeba Lab Flashcards by Julia Aguirre

Entamoeba Histolytica Trophozoite

Measures 15-60 um
Motile with long finger- like pseudopodia
Motility: progressive and directional
With ingested RBC

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Entamoeba histolytica cyst stage

Spherical (12-20 um)
With 1-4 nuclei
Central karyosome
With cigar-shaped chromatoidal bodies
**Quadrinucleated cyst

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Entamoeba histolytica life

Portal of Entry – Mouth
Mode of Transmission - Ingestion of infective cyst
Habitat - Intestine
Portal of Exit - Anus
*** With tissue invasion

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Entamoeba dispar

Morphologically the same as E. histolytica
Not invasive
− No ingested RBCS in the trophozoite stage
❖ Does not elicit the production of serum AbS

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Entamoeba Coli trophozoite

− Measures 15-50 um
− with short, blunt pseudopodia
− Motility – sluggish nondirectional
− With ingested bacteria in the cytoplasm

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Entamoeba coli cyst stage

− Spherical (10-32um)
− With 1-8 nuclei (32)
- Large eccentric karyosome
− Multiply by binary fission
− With broomstick/ splintered chromatoidal bodies

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Entamoeba Coli Life cycle

Portal of Entry – mouth
Mode of Transmission – Ingestion of infective cyst
Habitat – intestine
Portal of Exit – Anus
** NO tissue Invasion

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Iodamoeba butschlii Trophozoite

− Measures 6-25 um
− Motility: nondirectional and sluggish
− Karyosome – large with a cluster of chromatic granules

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Iodamoeba butschlii cyst stage

− With one nucleus (Basket)
− With large glycogen body
- stains deeply with iodine

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Endolimax nana trophozoite stage

− Measures 6-12 um
− Movement: sluggish; non directional

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Endolimax nana cyst stage

− Oval − Measures 6-10 um − Cross-eyed cyst − Comma shaped − chromatoidal body ***quadrinuleated when mature

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Entamoeba polecki trophozoite stage

− Motility: sluggish and non-directional
− Uninucleated
- With centered prominent karyosome

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Entamoeba polecki cyst stage

− Uninucleated - With large centered karyosome
− Chromatoidal body
- angular or pointed ends

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demonstration of trophozoites

Direct Fecal Smear

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AECT means?

Acid ether concentration

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FECT means?

Formalin ether concentration

What are the concentration techniques?

AECT, FECT

How can you identify the parasites through their diagnostic features?

Number of nuclei, chromatoidal body

Entamoeba gingivalis trophozoite stage

− measures 10-20 μm
− With numerous blunt pseudopodia → Moves quickly
− Possesses ingested leukocytes in its cytoplasm which can be used to differentiate it from E. histolytica.

Entamoeba gingivalis cyst stage

NO CYST STAGE

What is the infective stage of entamoeba gingivalis?

Trophozoites

What is the mode of transmission: Directly transmitted through?

− Kissing
− Droplet spray
− Sharing utensils

predominant form seen in stool samples

▪ With large central vacuole that pushes the cytoplasm and nuclei (2-4) to the periphery of the cells

Vacuolated

shows the active extension and retraction of pseudopodia

Amoeba like

hard, resistive form; with multi-layered thick wall ; with 1-4 nuclei; cytoplasm contains food vacuoles and mitochondria

Cyst

are found in old cultures; similar to vacuolated but it has granules

Granular

arises from vacuolated forms

Multiple fission

Naegleria fowleri Signs and symptoms

frontal headache, fever and congested nasal passages then meningeal irritation

What are the 2 forms of naegleria fowleri in trophozoite?

Amoeboid, flagellated

Amoeboid-trophozoite (N.fowleri)

with blunt pseudopodia and a nucleus with large central karyosome

Flagellated - Trophozoite (N. fowleri)

pear shaped with 2 long equal anteriorly located flagella

Cyst (N. fowleri)

Round with a nucleus (smaller than that of the trophozoite) ▪ With smooth and thick cell wall

Naegleria Fowleri life cycle

Portal of Entry: Nose (Nasal Cavity) Infective stage: Amoeboid trophozoite Mode of Transmission : intranasal instillation of amoeba *** enters through the nose and travels to the brain Diagnosis : Demonstration of amoeboid trophozoite in CSF and in Histopathologic section Treatment: anti-microbial and antiamoebic

Acanthamoeba spp. trophozoite

with 1 nucleus with large karyosome; with acanthopods ▪ With slowly motile

Acanthamoeba spp. Cyst stage

uninucleated with double walled (outer is wrinkled)

Mode of transmission Acanthamoeba spp.

eyes, nasal cavity, open wounds

what are the causes of acanthamoeba spp.

Meningoencephalitis syndrome Amoebic keratitis Skin lessions

What is the diagnosis of acathamoeba spp.?

Brain scans; trophozoites and cysts in corneal scrappings and tissue biopsy

Life cycle of E. gingivalis

MOT: Through kissing, droplet spray, sharing utensils