Protocols

Question 1

what is a protocol

Answer 1

a set of rules that determine exactly how a computer communicates across a network

Question 2

what would the effect of not having any protocols

Answer 2

• no two computers would speak the same language

- so no data could be transmitted

Question 3

why do different protocols exist

Answer 3

to govern different activities

Question 4

what is TCP/IP and what does it stand for

Answer 4

• it is Transmission control protocol and internet protocol

- it is a suit of protocols

Question 5

what does TCP/IP do

Answer 5

• when data is about to be transmitted

- it breaks that data down into bits called packets

Question 6

what is the IP in TCP/IP responsible for

Answer 6

ensuring that each packet reaches the correct destination

Question 7

what does the computer receiving packets of data do to it and with what

Answer 7

the computer receiving that packets uses TCP/IP to reassemble the packets back into the original data

Question 8

what does UDP stand for and what does it do

Answer 8

• it is the user data program

- uses IP to transmit data and is designed to transmit as quickly as possible

Question 9

what is a disadvantage of UDP

Answer 9

it doesnt guarantee data delivery

Question 10

what is HTTP and what does it stand for

Answer 10

• it is the hypertext transfer protocol

- it is used to transmit web pages from a server to a client

Question 11

when do you use HTTP

Answer 11

whenever you type in a URL or click on a link

Question 12

what does the S stand for in HTTPS and what does it do

Answer 12

• secure
• meaning transmitted data is encrypted
• so financial transactions are safer than using regular HTTP

Question 13

what does FTP stand for and what is it

Answer 13

• it is the file transfer protocol

- it is a set of rules governing the transmission of files across the internet

Question 14

what would FTP do if you were uploading images to a website

Answer 14

the upload of these files uses FTP to copy them from your computer to the web server

Question 15

what are POP IMAP and SMTP

Answer 15

protocols relating to the sending of an email

Question 16

what does POP stand for and what does it do

Answer 16

• it is the post office protocol

- it allows you to download your emails from a server to your computer

Question 17

what does IMAP stand for and what does it do

Answer 17

• is the internet message access protocol

- it is used to synchronise devices that access e mails`

Question 18

what does SMTP stand for and what does it do

Answer 18

• it is the simple mail transfer protocol
• when an email is sent, it moves from server to sever
• its route of transmission from server to server is controlled by SMTP

Question 19

what is WiFi

Answer 19

WiFi is a set of rules governing how devices can communicate with one another wirelessly

Question 20

what must devices using WiFi do

Answer 20

• format their transmissions in a certain way

- they also need to transmit data on pre agreed frequencies to be recognised by their network

Question 21

what is ethernet

Answer 21

Ethernet is set of rules which describes how a set of wired devices communicate

Question 22

what is a layer

Answer 22

a layer is a division of network functionality

Question 23

what are two advantages that come with using layers to construct network protocols

Answer 23

• if it is self contained, it allows different developers to concentrate on one aspect of the network
• a layer can be taken out and edited without affecting other layers