Protist And Fungi Flashcards
What group of protists are characterized as having silica shells?
Diatoms
Diatoms are a major group of algae and are among the most common types of phytoplankton.
How is Malaria spread?
Through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes
Malaria can also be spread through blood transfusions and sharing needles.
What specific protist causes malaria?
Plasmodium
There are several species of Plasmodium that can infect humans, including Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.
Distinguish between green algae, red algae, and brown algae.
Green Algae - unicellular sea and freshwater Red Algae - sea only multicellular Brown Algae - Soil and can live not attached multicellular
I## Footnote
These distinctions are based on pigments and habitat.
What specific components of a euglena make it both heterotrophic and autotrophic?
Chloroplasts for photosynthesis and flagella for movement and feeding
Euglena can photosynthesize in light and consume organic material in the dark.
Identify three methods by which animal-like protists can move.
- Flagella
- Cilia
- Pseudopodia
These structures facilitate locomotion in various environments.
In relation to parasitic protists, what does the term ‘vector’ refer to?
An organism that transmits a pathogen
Example: Mosquitoes are vectors for Plasmodium, which causes malaria.
In terms of cell type and cell walls, compare fungi with plants.
Fungi: eukaryotic, chitin cell walls; Plants: eukaryotic, cellulose cell walls
This highlights a major difference in composition.
Explain how fungi digest their food.
By secreting enzymes externally to break down complex substances
Fungi then absorb the simpler nutrients produced.
Outline the role of spores in fungal reproduction.
Spores serve as a means of asexual and sexual reproduction, dispersal, and survival
They allow fungi to spread and colonize new environments.
To what phylum of fungi do yeast commonly belong?
Ascomycota
Yeast are unicellular fungi that reproduce by budding.
To what phylum do puffballs and mushrooms belong?
Basidiomycota
This phylum includes many familiar fungi, including those that produce fruiting bodies.
Draw and annotate a general life cycle of a fungi.
Life cycle includes: * Spore germination * Mycelium formation * Fruiting body development * Spore production
Each stage plays a critical role in reproduction and survival.
Identify the reproductive structure of this mushroom.
Basidia
Basidia are specialized cells that produce spores in mushrooms.
