Proteins Quiz Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of proteins
A
- Make up many of the tissues and organs in your body
- Many macromolecules in your body are complex proteins
Examples: - Hormones (Insulin)
- Enzymes (amylase)
- Pigments (melanin)
- Antibodies (help fight invaders)
2
Q
What are amino acids?
A
The building blocks of protein (CHON or CHONS)
3
Q
How many amino acids are there?
A
20
4
Q
What is a polypeptide?
A
A long, straight chain of amino acids joined together
5
Q
What is a peptide bond?
A
A bond between two amino acids
AKA: A covalent bond with a different name :)
6
Q
Protein
A
One or more polypeptide chains twisted/folded into a specific shape
6
Q
Enzyme
A
A protein that is a catalyst to control chemical reactions
7
Q
Characteristics of Enzymes
A
- Reduces the activation energy needed to start a reaction
- Required in small amounts
- Very specific
- Have one or more active sites for binding
- Usually end in ‘ase’
Ex. Lactase
8
Q
The effect of enzymes are reduced by…
A
Changes in temperature or pH
- An extreme change can denature the enzyme
9
Q
How do enzymes work?
A
Like a lock and a key- each lock only lets a certain key open it
