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Bio Flashcards > Carbohydrate Quiz > Flashcards

Carbohydrate Quiz Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Inorganic compounds

A

Do not contain carbon

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2
Q

Organic compounds

A

Contain carbon AND hydrogen

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3
Q

Carbon characteristics

A
  • forms covalent bonds
  • can form long chain molecules
  • forms single C-C, double C=C and triple C=C bonds
  • Can form rings
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4
Q

Polymerization

A

When large molecules are formed by joining together smaller molecules

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5
Q

Monomer

A

Small molecule

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6
Q

Polymer

A

Large molecule

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7
Q

Macromolecules

A

Very large polymers

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8
Q

Carbohydrates….

A

Contain C, H, O with a HO in a 2:1 ratio

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9
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Simple sugars

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10
Q

Isomers

A

Molecules of different compounds that are made of the same kind and number of atoms for different chemical compounds

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11
Q

Disaccharides

A

2 monosaccharides joined together

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12
Q

Oligosaccharides

A

A few monosaccharides covalently linked- helps with cell to cell interactions

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13
Q

Polysaccharides

A

Long chains of monosaccharides/disaccharides

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14
Q

Starch

A

Plants store excess sugar in this form

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15
Q

Glycogen

A

Animals store excess sugar in this form- stored in the liver and muscles

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16
Q

Cellulose

A

Found only in plants- helps support the plant by giving it strength and rigidity

17
Q

Glycemic Index

A

Ranking of carbohydrates based on their ability to be converted to glucose in the body

18
Q

Glycemic load

A

Used to get an idea of the body’s glycemic response to an entire meal or day of eating

19
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

When two monosaccharides are joined together to form a disaccharide, a water molecule is lost

20
Q

Hydrolysis

A

To break a disaccharide back into two monosaccharides with water

21
Q

Monosaccharide examples

A

Glucose- blood sugar
Fructose- fruit sugar
Galactose- milk

22
Q

Disaccharide examples

A

Sucrose- table sugar (glucose + fructose)
Maltose- candy (glucose + glucose)
Lactose- milk (glucose + galactose)

Bio Flashcards (6 decks)

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