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biochem-lat > PROTEINS PT 1 > Flashcards

PROTEINS PT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Greek word of Proteins

A

Proteus

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2
Q

stabilizing thick filament of your muscles

A

Titin

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3
Q

proteins in saliva

A

salivary amylase

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4
Q

building blocks of proteins

A

alpha amino acids

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5
Q

Alpha amino acids have a _____ carbon, except for ______

A

chiral, glycine

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6
Q

Oxytocin, the smallest known protein has how many amino acids?

A

9 AAs

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7
Q

Titin has how many amino acids?

A

25,000 AAs

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8
Q

Acidic Amino Acids examples

A

Aspartic Acid, Glutamine

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9
Q

They are negatively charged and release proton

A

Polar Acidic Amino Acids

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10
Q

positively charged at physiologic pH, accept proton

A

Polar Basic Amino Acids

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11
Q

3 examples of polar basic AAs

A

Histidine, Lysine, Arginine

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12
Q

cannot be synthesized by the body, get from diet

A

Essential Amino acids

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13
Q

is both essential because babies need to eat it and is also non-essential

A

Arginine

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14
Q

have all essential amino acids in amounts as needed by the human body

A

complete dietary proteins

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15
Q

very good protein alternative for vegans because it has a complete protein substitute

A

soy

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16
Q

only eat beans = kulang ng ?

A

methionine and tryptophan

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17
Q

only eat rice and oats = kulang ng ?

A

lysine

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18
Q

only eat corn

A

lysine and tryptophan

19
Q

only eat peas = kulang ng ?

A

methionine

20
Q

almonds and walnuts = kulang ng?

A

lysine and tryptophan

21
Q

Dipeptides have how many AAs?

A

2 AAs

22
Q

Oligopeptides have how many AAs?

A

3 - 10 AAs (Tripeptide and T peptide)

23
Q

How many AAs are there in Polypeptides?

A

11-100 AAs

24
Q

In naming Glutamate, it becomes?

A

Glutamyl

25
Q

In naming Glutamine, it becomes?

A

Glutaminyl

26
Q

In naming valine, it becomes

A

Valinyl

27
Q

structure where peptide bonds attach the a-amino group of one to the a-carbonyl group of another

A

Primary Protein Structure

28
Q

folding of short (3-30 AA residues) sequences of polypeptides into geometrically ordered units

A

Secondary Protein Structure

29
Q

type of Secondary Protein Structure that is the most common (Keratin is made up of 100% of these), spiral in shape, side chains are oriented outwards, and is 3.6 Amino Acids per term

A

Alpha Helix/ Helices

30
Q

This type of secondary structure forms a zigzag or pleated pattern, can be parallel or anti-parallel, and are found in antibodies (immunoglobulins)

A

Beta Sheets

31
Q

Shape of Tertiary structures and what are they stabilized by?

A
  • 3D structure of the protein
  • stablized by:
    1. Hydrophobic clustering forces
    2. Disulfide bridges (Cystine)
    3. Hydrogen bonds
    4. Ionic interactions / salt bridges
    5. Van der waals forces
32
Q

Molecular chaperones assist in what?

A

assist in protein folding but are NOT the determinants of the final structure

33
Q

this structure has 2 or more polypeptide chains forming one macromolecule

A

Quaternary Structure

34
Q

Hemoglobin is an example of a quaternary structure because it has how many polypeptide chains?

A

Hemoglobin has 4 polypeptide chains:
alpha 1 and 2, beta 1 and 2

35
Q

any protein that’s composed of more than one polypeptide chain is called?

A

Multimeric protein

36
Q

these type of proteins are called ‘enzymes’ because they are the biologic catalysts in the body; one example is Pepsin

A

Catalysic Proteins

37
Q

These type of proteins defend organisms against external agents of disease

A

Proteins with Immune Functions

38
Q

One example of Transport Proteins that transport ferric/ iron ions

A

Transferric

39
Q

What is the function of Messenger Proteins?

A

they give instructions to parts of the body (not all hormones are proteins)

40
Q

Examples of Structural proteins

A

keratin and collagen

41
Q

examples of movement proteins

A

myosin and actin

42
Q

examples of Nutrient Proteins and what food they’re found in

A

Casein - milk
Albumin - eggs

43
Q

Examples of Storage Proteins

A

myoglobin, hemoglobin, and ferritin (iron storage)

44
Q

these proteins influence transcription from DNA to RNA and can either prevent or activate transcription

A

Regulatory Proteins

biochem-lat (12 decks)

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