PROTEINS PT 1

Question 1

Greek word of Proteins

Answer 1

Proteus

Question 2

stabilizing thick filament of your muscles

Answer 2

Titin

Question 3

proteins in saliva

Answer 3

salivary amylase

Question 4

building blocks of proteins

Answer 4

alpha amino acids

Question 5

Alpha amino acids have a _____ carbon, except for ______

Answer 5

chiral, glycine

Question 6

Oxytocin, the smallest known protein has how many amino acids?

Answer 6

9 AAs

Question 7

Titin has how many amino acids?

Answer 7

25,000 AAs

Question 8

Acidic Amino Acids examples

Answer 8

Aspartic Acid, Glutamine

Question 9

They are negatively charged and release proton

Answer 9

Polar Acidic Amino Acids

Question 10

positively charged at physiologic pH, accept proton

Answer 10

Polar Basic Amino Acids

Question 11

3 examples of polar basic AAs

Answer 11

Histidine, Lysine, Arginine

Question 12

cannot be synthesized by the body, get from diet

Answer 12

Essential Amino acids

Question 13

is both essential because babies need to eat it and is also non-essential

Answer 13

Arginine

Question 14

have all essential amino acids in amounts as needed by the human body

Answer 14

complete dietary proteins

Question 15

very good protein alternative for vegans because it has a complete protein substitute

Answer 15

soy

Question 16

only eat beans = kulang ng ?

Answer 16

methionine and tryptophan

Question 17

only eat rice and oats = kulang ng ?

Answer 17

lysine

Question 18

only eat corn

Answer 18

lysine and tryptophan

Question 19

only eat peas = kulang ng ?

Answer 19

methionine

Question 20

almonds and walnuts = kulang ng?

Answer 20

lysine and tryptophan

Question 21

Dipeptides have how many AAs?

Answer 21

2 AAs

Question 22

Oligopeptides have how many AAs?

Answer 22

3 - 10 AAs (Tripeptide and T peptide)

Question 23

How many AAs are there in Polypeptides?

Answer 23

11-100 AAs

Question 24

In naming Glutamate, it becomes?

Answer 24

Glutamyl

Question 25

In naming Glutamine, it becomes?

Answer 25

Glutaminyl

Question 26

In naming valine, it becomes

Answer 26

Valinyl

Question 27

structure where peptide bonds attach the a-amino group of one to the a-carbonyl group of another

Answer 27

Primary Protein Structure

Question 28

folding of short (3-30 AA residues) sequences of polypeptides into geometrically ordered units

Answer 28

Secondary Protein Structure

Question 29

type of Secondary Protein Structure that is the most common (Keratin is made up of 100% of these), spiral in shape, side chains are oriented outwards, and is 3.6 Amino Acids per term

Answer 29

Alpha Helix/ Helices

Question 30

This type of secondary structure forms a zigzag or pleated pattern, can be parallel or anti-parallel, and are found in antibodies (immunoglobulins)

Answer 30

Beta Sheets

Question 31

Shape of Tertiary structures and what are they stabilized by?

Answer 31

- 3D structure of the protein - stablized by: 1. Hydrophobic clustering forces 2. Disulfide bridges (Cystine) 3. Hydrogen bonds 4. Ionic interactions / salt bridges 5. Van der waals forces

Question 32

Molecular chaperones assist in what?

Answer 32

assist in protein folding but are NOT the determinants of the final structure

Question 33

this structure has 2 or more polypeptide chains forming one macromolecule

Answer 33

Quaternary Structure

Question 34

Hemoglobin is an example of a quaternary structure because it has how many polypeptide chains?

Answer 34

Hemoglobin has 4 polypeptide chains: alpha 1 and 2, beta 1 and 2

Question 35

any protein that's composed of more than one polypeptide chain is called?

Answer 35

Multimeric protein

Question 36

these type of proteins are called 'enzymes' because they are the biologic catalysts in the body; one example is Pepsin

Answer 36

Catalysic Proteins

Question 37

These type of proteins defend organisms against external agents of disease

Answer 37

Proteins with Immune Functions

Question 38

One example of Transport Proteins that transport ferric/ iron ions

Answer 38

Transferric

Question 39

What is the function of Messenger Proteins?

Answer 39

they give instructions to parts of the body (not all hormones are proteins)

Question 40

Examples of Structural proteins

Answer 40

keratin and collagen

Question 41

examples of movement proteins

Answer 41

myosin and actin

Question 42

examples of Nutrient Proteins and what food they're found in

Answer 42

Casein - milk Albumin - eggs

Question 43

Examples of Storage Proteins

Answer 43

myoglobin, hemoglobin, and ferritin (iron storage)

Question 44

these proteins influence transcription from DNA to RNA and can either prevent or activate transcription

Answer 44

Regulatory Proteins