Proteins n shit

Question 1

What configuration do most amino acids have?

Answer 1

L-form

Question 2

What amino acid doesn’t have L-form configuration?

Answer 2

Glycine

Question 3

What amino acid is not an alpha amino acid?

Answer 3

Proline

Question 4

What does the formation of a peptide bond require?

Answer 4

The elimination of water

Question 5

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 5

The order of amino acids in a polypeptide

Question 6

How many amino acids are used for protein synthesis?

Answer 6

20

Question 7

How many amino acids have hydrophilic side chains?

Answer 7

9

Question 8

How many amino acids have hydrophobic side chains?

Answer 8

8

Question 9

What amino acid has an H side group?

Answer 9

Glycine

Question 10

What amino acid has an SH side group

Answer 10

Cysteine

Question 11

Name an imino acid

Answer 11

Proline

Question 12

What amino acids have acidic side chains?

Answer 12

Aspartate and glutamate

Question 13

What amino acids have basic side chains?

Answer 13

Lysine, arginine, and histidine

Question 14

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

Answer 14

Describes the local folding of a polypeptide chain

Question 15

In alpha helices, what way do the chains turn? Why is this?

Answer 15

Right handed; because most proteins contain L amino acids

Question 16

How many amino acids are in each turn?

Answer 16

3.6 amino acids

Question 17

Give two examples of amino acids which favour the formation of alpha helices

Answer 17

Methionine and leucine

Question 18

Give one example of an amino acid which does not favour the formation of alpha helices

Answer 18

Proline

Question 19

What is tertiary structure?

Answer 19

Describes the overall arrangement of amino acids in 3D

Question 20

What is quaternary structure?

Answer 20

Occurs when two or more polypeptide chains interact with one another

Question 21

What is a protein domain?

Answer 21

It is a region within a larger protein that themselves are stable and self-contained

Question 22

How can proteins evolve?

Answer 22

By recombination of protein domains

Question 23

What type of protein is hair made from?

Answer 23

Alpha keratin

Question 24

What is collagen made up of?

Answer 24

Tropocollagen; contains the modified amino acids hydroxyproline and hydoxylysine

Question 25

Describe the structure of myoglobin

Answer 25

It is a monomeric protein. Made up of alpha helices and connecting loops with a molecule of haem bound to it

Question 26

What has a higher affinity for oxygen: haemoglobin or myoglobin?

Answer 26

Myoglobin

Question 27

Describe the structure of haemoglobin

Answer 27

Is a tetramer of polypeptide chains, 2 alpha and 2 ß subunits. Each has a molecule of haem bound to it.

Question 28

What are the two models of homotropic cooperativity?

Answer 28

The concerted and sequential models

Question 29

What effect does 2, 3-biphosphoglycerate have on the oxygen binding curve?

Answer 29

Shifts it to the right (ie decrease affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen)