proteins

Question 1

proteins contain:

Answer 1

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON)

Question 2

proteome

Answer 2

all proteins expressed by one type of cell under one set of conditions

Question 3

what are amino acids?

Answer 3

monomers of proteins

Question 4

An amino acid structure contains:

Answer 4

R-group, carboxyl, amino, alpha carbon, and hydrogen

Question 5

how many different amino acids are there?

Answer 5

20

Question 6

polypeptides are:

Answer 6

polymers of amino acids

Question 7

polymers of amino acids are joined by ___ bonds

Answer 7

peptide

Question 8

what are the 2 end terminals of a polypeptide chain?

Answer 8

1. N-terminus (amino)

2. C-terminus (carboxyl)

Question 9

what is the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 9

sequence of amino acids

Question 10

what is the secondary structure of a protein?

Answer 10

intermolecular forces between polypeptide backbone (not R group) by hydrogen bonding.

Question 11

what are the two shapes of the secondary structure of proteins?

Answer 11

1. alpha helices

2. beta pleated sheets

Question 12

what is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Answer 12

3D due to interactions in the R group.

Question 13

tertiary structure can create ____:

Answer 13

1. hydrophobic or hydrophilic spaces

2. disulfide bonds by covalent bonding of R groups between 2 cysteine amino acids.

Question 14

what is the quaternary structure of proteins?

Answer 14

multiple polypeptide chains that come together to form 1 protein

Question 15

proteins can also be classified based on their structure as:

Answer 15

1. fibrous
2. globular
3. intermediate

Question 16

protein composition can be:

Answer 16

1. simple

2. conjugated

Question 17

what is protein denaturation?

Answer 17

loss of protein function and higher order stuctures

Question 18

what structure is unaffected by protein denaturation?

Answer 18

primary structure

Question 19

denaturation can occur due to:

Answer 19

1. high or low temperatures
2. pH changes
3. salt concentrations

Question 20

what are the seven functions of proteins?

Answer 20

1. storage
2. hormones
3. motion
4. immunity
5. receptors
6. enzymes
7. structure