Lipids

Question 1

lipids are:

Answer 1

nonpolar hydrophobic macromolecules

Question 2

fats have:

Answer 2

3 fatty acid tails, glycerol

Question 3

where do fats store energy?

Answer 3

adipocytes

Question 4

phospholipids are:

Answer 4

amphipathic

Question 5

what affects membrane fluidity?

Answer 5

temperature, cholesterol, and unsaturation of fatty acids

Question 6

cholesterol is:

Answer 6

amphipathic steroid precursor with 4 rings (3 cyclohexanes and 1 cyclopentane)

Question 7

lipoproteins:

Answer 7

transport lipids through aqueous environments (blood)

Question 8

waxes:

Answer 8

type of lipid derivative. hydrophobic protective coating in birds and leaves.

Question 9

carotenoids:

Answer 9

pigment in plants and animals. long carbon chain with conjugated double bonds and 6 membered rings on each end.

Question 10

sphingolipid:

Answer 10

structural integrity, signal transduction, cell recognition, and more in cell membrane

Question 11

high density lipoproteins:

Answer 11

healthy. take cholesterol away from tissues and deliver it to the liver

Question 12

low density lipoprotiens:

Answer 12

bad. they deliver cholesterol to tissues via bloodstream. may deposit in heart and blood vessels that lead to heart disease.

Question 13

lipoprotein coat contains:

Answer 13

phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins

Question 14

lipoprotein core contains:

Answer 14

cholesterol, triglycerides

Question 15

phospholipids are amphipathic which allows for:

Answer 15

“spontneously self-assemble” into a bilayer.

Question 16

glycolipid:

Answer 16

same as phospholipid but it has a carbohydrate instead of phosphate group.

Question 17

phospholipds are made of:

Answer 17

1 phosphate group, 2 fatty acid tails, and 3 carbon glycerol backbone

Question 18

unsaturated fatty acids:

Answer 18

have double bonds

Question 19

saturated fatty acids:

Answer 19

no double bonds

Question 20

fats are produced by what type of reaction?

Answer 20

dehydration/condensation reactions

Question 21

lipids contain:

Answer 21

CHO: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 22

lipids function as:

Answer 22

energy storage, insulation, contribute to cell membranes, and lead to synthesis of critical hormones

Question 23

a triglyceride is made of:

Answer 23

1 glycerol, 3 fatty acids