Lipids Flashcards
lipids are:
nonpolar hydrophobic macromolecules
fats have:
3 fatty acid tails, glycerol
where do fats store energy?
adipocytes
phospholipids are:
amphipathic
what affects membrane fluidity?
temperature, cholesterol, and unsaturation of fatty acids
cholesterol is:
amphipathic steroid precursor with 4 rings (3 cyclohexanes and 1 cyclopentane)
lipoproteins:
transport lipids through aqueous environments (blood)
waxes:
type of lipid derivative. hydrophobic protective coating in birds and leaves.
carotenoids:
pigment in plants and animals. long carbon chain with conjugated double bonds and 6 membered rings on each end.
sphingolipid:
structural integrity, signal transduction, cell recognition, and more in cell membrane
high density lipoproteins:
healthy. take cholesterol away from tissues and deliver it to the liver
low density lipoprotiens:
bad. they deliver cholesterol to tissues via bloodstream. may deposit in heart and blood vessels that lead to heart disease.
lipoprotein coat contains:
phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins
lipoprotein core contains:
cholesterol, triglycerides
phospholipids are amphipathic which allows for:
“spontneously self-assemble” into a bilayer.
glycolipid:
same as phospholipid but it has a carbohydrate instead of phosphate group.
phospholipds are made of:
1 phosphate group, 2 fatty acid tails, and 3 carbon glycerol backbone
unsaturated fatty acids:
have double bonds
saturated fatty acids:
no double bonds
fats are produced by what type of reaction?
dehydration/condensation reactions
lipids contain:
CHO: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
lipids function as:
energy storage, insulation, contribute to cell membranes, and lead to synthesis of critical hormones
a triglyceride is made of:
1 glycerol, 3 fatty acids
