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Biochem PLE | Des > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Linear polymers of AA

A

Proteins

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2
Q

Provide structural framework

A

Protein

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3
Q

Component of immune system

A

Protein

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4
Q

Set of all the chons expressed by an individual cell at a particular time

A

Proteome

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5
Q

How many AA are commonly found in mammalian chon

A

20

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6
Q

Each amino acid has carboxyl group, amino group, distinctive side chain (called R-group)

A

Proline

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7
Q

Dictates function of AA in a chon

A

R-group

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8
Q

No H bond

A

Nonpolar AA

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9
Q

Non polar amino acids

A 
Glycine
Alanine
Valine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Phenylalanine
Tryptophan
Methionine
Proline
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10
Q

Polar uncharged amino acids

A 
Serine
Threonine
Tyrosine
Cysteine
Asparginine
Glutamine
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11
Q

Amide

A

Asparginine

Glutamine

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12
Q

Charged amino acids

Found on the surface chon

A 
Aspartate
Glutamate
Arginine
Lysine
Histidine
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13
Q

Has the smallest side chains

A

Glycine

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14
Q

Used in 1st step in heme synthesis

Glycine +

A

Succinyl coA

= delta ALA

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15
Q

Glycine is used in synthesis of

A

Purines and creatinine

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16
Q

Major inhibitory NT of spinal cord

A

Glycine

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17
Q

Carrier of ammonia

A

Alanine

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18
Q

Branched chain AA; accumulate in maple syrup dse

A

Valine
Leucine
Isoleucine

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19
Q

Accumulate in phenylketonuria

A

Phenylalanine

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20
Q

Precursor of tyrosine

A

Phenylalanine

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21
Q

Has largest side chain

A

Tryptophan

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22
Q

tryptophan precursor to

A

Melatonin
Serotonin
Niacin

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23
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacin

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24
Q

Happy hormone

A

Serotonin

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25
Q

Precursor of homocysteine

A

Methionine

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26
Q

Imino acid

A

Proline

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27
Q

Contributes to fibrous structure of collagen

Intereupts a-helices in globular proteins

A

Proline

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28
Q

Serine, threonine, tyrosine

Site for

A

O linked glycosylation

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29
Q

Tyrosine

Precursor of

A 
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
L dopa
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
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30
Q

Precursor for thyroxine and melanin

A

Tyrosine

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31
Q

Have a carbonyl group and amide group

A

Asparagine, glutamine

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32
Q

Site for n linked glycosylation

A

Asparagine

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33
Q

Glutamine deaminated by

A

Glutaminase

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34
Q

Glutamine deaminated will form

A

Ammonia

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35
Q

Major carrier of nitrogen from peripheral tissue to liver

A

Glutamine

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36
Q

Contain sulfhydyl group

A

Cysteine

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37
Q

Participates in biosynthesis of coenzyme A

A

Cysteine

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38
Q

Present in hair

A

Keratin

Contains a lot of cystine

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39
Q

What are the acidic AA

A

Aspartate

Glutamate

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40
Q

Serves a proton donors

A

Aspartate

Glutamate

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41
Q

Precursor of GABA

and glutathione

A

Glutamate

42
Q

What are the basic AA

A

Histidine
Arginine
Lysine

43
Q

They are proton acceptors

A

histidine
Arginine
Lysine

44
Q

Precursor of histamine

A

Histidine

45
Q

Dx of folic acid def

A

FIGlu excretion test

46
Q

AA used in FIGlu excretion test

A

Histidine

47
Q

Precursor of creatinine
Urea
Nitric oxide

A

Arginine

48
Q

Present in lathyrus seeds

A

Homoarginine

B-ODAP

49
Q

Implicated in neurolathyrism

A

Homoarginine

B-ODAP

50
Q

Neurotoxic aa in cycad seeds; implicated in ALS-parkinson dementia complex

A

B-methylaminoalanine

51
Q

All aa are chiral except

A

Glycine

52
Q

All aa in chons

A

L-configuration

53
Q

Bacterial cell walls, antibiotics

A

D-configuration

54
Q

10 essential aa

A 
Isoleucine
Leucine
Threonine
Valine
Methionine
Arginine
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Lysine
Histidine
55
Q

Stepwise process of identifying the specific aa at each position in peptide chain

A

Sequencing

56
Q

Mc 2ndry structure

A

Alpha helix

57
Q

Alpha helix is disrupted by

A

Proline

58
Q

Keratin, hgb

Are example of

A

Alpha helix

59
Q

Aa residues form a zigzag pleated pattern

A

Beta sheet

60
Q

Amyloid
Immunoglobulin
Are example of

A

Beta sheet

61
Q

Fundamental functional and 3 dimensional structural units of polypeptide

A

Domains

62
Q

Required for the proper folding of many species of chons

A

Chaperones

63
Q

Results in unfolding and disorganisation of chon’s 2ndry and tertiary structure

A

Denaturation

64
Q

Hyperbolic o2 dissociation curve

A

Myoglobin

65
Q

Sigmoidal o2 dissociation curve

A

Hemoglobin

66
Q

Factors that causes a shift to the right

A

Increase co2, acidity (dec ph)

Inc 2,3 BPG, exercise, tempt

67
Q

The release of o2 from
Hgb is enhanced when the pH js lowered or when hgb is in presence of an inc
Pco2

A

Bohr effect

68
Q

Has increased affinity for oxygen

A

FEtal hemoglobin

69
Q

Form of hgb bound to CO in place of o2

A

Carboxyhgb

70
Q

200x greater affinity for hgb than o2

A

CO

71
Q

Hb becomes cherry pink

A

Carboxyhgb

72
Q

Tx of CO toxicity

A

100% o2 therapy

73
Q

Chocolate cyanosis

A

Methemoglobinemia

74
Q

Tx for methemoglobinemia

Mild

Ingestion

A

Mild: oral methylene blue or ascorbic acid

Ingestion: IV methylene blue

75
Q

MC mutation in hereditary spherocytosis

A

Ankyrin

76
Q

Results from a point mutation in both genes coding for Bchain that results in valine rather than glutamate

A

Sickle cells dse

77
Q

Has single amino a id substitution in 6th position of Bglobin in wc lysine is substituted for glutamate

A

Hgb C dse

78
Q

Accumulation of Hb Bart and Hb H and Bchain precipitation

A

Alpha thalassemia

79
Q

Thalassemia

Symptoms appear at birth

A

Alpha T

80
Q

Thalassemia

Physical manifestations appear only after birth

A

beta thalassemia

81
Q

Most abundant protein in the body

A

Collagen

82
Q

Mc form of collagen

A

Type 1

83
Q

Type of collagen

Bone

A

I

84
Q

Type of collagen

Cartilage

A

II

85
Q

Type of collagen

Reticulin - skin, BV, granulation tissue

A

III

86
Q

Type of collagen
Basement membrane
Basal lamina

A

IV

87
Q

Type of collagen

Beneath stratified squamous epith

A

VII

88
Q

Mc Ehlers dais syndrome

A

Hyper mobility

Defect in type 3

89
Q

Most serious Ehlers danlos

A

Vascular

Type 3 defect

90
Q

Aka brittle bone syndrome

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

91
Q

Blue sclerae

Hearing loss

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

92
Q

Disorder jn type 4 collagen

A

Alport syndrome

Renal

93
Q

Disorder of type 7 collagen

A

Epidermolysis Bullosa

94
Q

Characterized by

Kinky hair, growth retardation

A

Menkes dse

95
Q

Deficiency in copper dietary

A

Menkes dse

96
Q

Dolichostenomelia
Arachnodactyly
Ectopia lentis

A

Marfan syndrome

97
Q

Hyperbolic o2 dissociation curve

A

Myoglobin

98
Q

Sigmoidal o2 dissociation curve

A

Hemoglobin

99
Q

Factors that causes a shift to the right

A

Increase co2, acidity (dec ph)

Inc 2,3 BPG, exercise, tempt

100
Q

The release of o2 from
Hgb is enhanced when the pH js lowered or when hgb is in presence of an inc
Pco2

A

Bohr effect

Biochem PLE | Des (5 decks)

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