Proteins 2 - w2 Flashcards
What is the globular hemeprotein only functioning as O2 storage?
myoglobulin
What is the structure of myglobulin?
single polypeptide chain (monomer)
How many a-helices does myoglobin have?
eight
Where does the heme in myoglobin attach to?
the nonpolar AA in the interior of the chain
Which histidine residue binds Fe2+?
proximal histidine
What is the name of the porphyrin ring surrounding the Fe2+ in heme?
Protoporphyrin IX
What atoms of the pyrrole ring bind to the iron?
NITROGEN!
What is the quaternary structure of hemoglobin?
tetramer (2a and 2B)
What 2 structures make up hemoglobin (a holoprotein)?
heme (prosthetic group) and globin (apoprotein)
What happens when O2 binds to heme?
without oxygen: Fe2+ is loosely attached to nitrogen
with oxygen: conformational change, pulling Fe2+ into the ring
How does 2,3 BPG/DPG influence O2 binding to heme?
it decreases O2 affinity by binding to deoxy-HB not oxy-Hb. it helps in unloading of O2 into tissues
What is the Bohr effect regarding CO2?
more CO2 in tissues -> lowers pH –> decreases Hb affinity for O2 and favours unloading
Which hemoglobin is present in developing fetuses?
HbF (2 y chains instead of 2 B chains, raises affinity for O2)
Which hemoglobin is an indicator for glycemic control in diabetes mellitus?
HbA1C
What is the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (HbS)?
point mutation that replaces glutamic acid with valine