proteins Flashcards
what are the parts of amino acids?
-amino group
-r-group
-carboxyl group
what group is an amino group?
a basic group
how is the amino group and the carbon group attached?
covalent bond
what group is the carboxyl group?
an acidic group
what group is r-group?
variable group
how many amino acids are there?
20
are the r groups the same or different in each of the 20 amino acids?
different
what can r groups form?
disulfide bridges with other cysteines to create cross linkages in a polypeptide chain
what properties do the r groups give amino acids?
alkaline or acidic properties
what do amino acids combine to make?
a polymer called a polypeptide
what are two amino acids linked called?
dipeptide
what do polypeptides combine to form?
proteins
how many protein structures are there?
four
what is the primary protein structure?
sequence of amino acids
what bond are there in the primary protein structure?
peptide bonds
what is the secondary protein structure?
folding of poly peptide chains into an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet
what bonds are there in the secondary protein structure?
hydrogen bonds
what is the tertiary protein structure?
further folding into a more complex 3d structure
what bonds are there in the tertiary protein structure?
-hydrogen bonds
-disulfide bonds
-ionic bonds
what interactions are there in the tertiary protein structure?
hydrophobic
what happens in the quaternary protein structure?
two or more poly peptide chains join
what are the two types of protein?
-globular
-structural
what are globular proteins?
soluble spherical molecules with metabolic functions
what are examples of globular proteins?
enzymes
