lipids Flashcards
what are examples of lipids?
-triglycerides
-phospholipids
-fatty acids
-glycerol
-steroids
what are triglycerides made up of?
-3 fatty acids
-glycerol
what reaction joins the fatty acids and the glycerol together?
condensation reaction
what bond is formed when fatty acids and the glycerol join?
ester bond
what are phospholipids made up of?
-phosphate heads
-glycerol
-2 fatty acids
what part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?
the head
what part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
the tail
what do phospholipids make up?
plasma membrane bilayer
what are mono-unsaturated fatty acids?
fatty acids with one carbon to one carbon double bond
what are poly-unsaturated fatty acids?
fatty acids that have two or more carbon carbon double bonds
what are saturated fatty acids?
fatty acids that have only one carbon carbon double bond
what does glycerol do?
joins 3 fatty acids
how does glycerol join three fatty acids?
through a condensation reaction
what does glycerol form?
triglycerides
how many rings are there in steroids?
four
what hormones have steroids?
-oestrogen
-testosterone
what is oestrogen and testosterone made from?
cholesterol
what is cholesterol important for?
a vital component of cell membranes
what are the other functions of lipids?
-insulation
-energy storage
-protection of organs
