Proteins

Question 1

Linear polymers of amino acids connected by
peptide bonds

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Greek word which means first of importance

Answer 2

Proteios

Question 3

Organic compounds containing an amino group (NH2) and a carboxylic acid group (COOH)

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

The characteristic of having a center attached to four different substituents

Answer 4

Chiral

Question 5

Most common amino acids are a-amino acids. True or false

Answer 5

True

Question 6

All amino acids in the body are L-isomers. True or false

Answer 6

True

Question 7

The only achiral amino acid

Answer 7

Glycine

Question 8

An imino acid and a secondary amine

Answer 8

Proline

Question 9

The characteristic of having an acidic and basic component

Answer 9

Amphiprotic

Question 10

The characteristic of having a positive and negative end

Answer 10

Zwitterion

Question 11

a pH at which amino acids have equal positive and negative charges

Answer 11

Isoelectric point

Question 12

The bond joining amides or an amide bond

Answer 12

Peptide bonds

Question 13

Amino acids that cannot be produced by the body

Answer 13

Essential amino acids

Question 14

The amino acid that is in shortest supply in relation to need or essential amino acids that are present in relatively small amounts and are below the amino acid
requirements

Answer 14

Limiting amino acid

Question 14

Function that provides strength to cells and tissue

Answer 14

Structure

Question 14

Help form the tissues of the hair, nails and outer layer of the skin

Answer 14

Keratin

Question 14

The most abundant protein in the body and used to make connective tissues (bone, skin, muscles, etc.)

Answer 14

Collagen

Question 15

Gives elasticity to tissues

Answer 15

Elastin

Question 16

Function that uses enzymes

Answer 16

Catalysis

Question 17

Speeds up reactions by lowering the activation energy

Answer 17

Enzymes

Question 18

Function that uses muscles

Answer 18

Movement

Question 19

Generates force in a muscle contraction

Answer 19

Myosin

Question 20

Function that delivers substances

Answer 20

Transport

Question 21

Carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs

Answer 21

Hemoglobin

Question 22

Chemical messengers released in the bloodstream

Answer 22

Hormones

Question 23

A neurotransmitter also known as the love hormone

Answer 23

Oxytocin

Question 24

Growth hormone

Answer 24

Somatotropin

Question 25

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 25

Vasopressin

Question 26

Neurohormone that gives feelings of reward

Answer 26

Dopamine

Question 27

Neurohormone produced in the gut. Influences learning, memory, happiness and others

Answer 27

Serotonin

Question 28

The sleep hormone

Answer 28

Melatonin

Question 29

The sleep-wake cycle. Physical, mental, and behavioral changes an organism experiences over a 24-hour cycle

Answer 29

Circadian rhythm

Question 30

Protein from an outside source or some other foreign substance

Answer 30

Antigen

Question 31

The body's own proteins that counteracts foreign proteins

Answer 31

Antibodies

Question 32

The function of proteins to provide a reservoir of an essential nutrient

Answer 32

Storage

Question 33

The function of fighting against outside substances

Answer 33

Protection

Question 34

Its primary function is to supply oxygen to the muscle

Answer 34

Myoglobin

Question 35

Egg white

Answer 35

Ovalbumin

Question 36

A protein complex that stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic form

Answer 36

Ferritin

Question 37

A linear sequence of amino acids and is a small protein that has at least 60 amino acid residues connected by peptide bonds

Answer 37

Primary structure

Question 38

A repetitive conformation of the protein backbone connected by peptide bonds and hydrogen bonds (alpha-helix; beta pleated; random coil)

Answer 38

Secondary structure

Question 39

The complete 3D arrangement of the atoms in a protein

Answer 39

Tertiary structure

Question 40

The spatial relationship and interactions between subunits in a protein that has more than one polypeptide chain

Answer 40

Quaternary structure

Question 41

Composed of amino acids only

Answer 41

Simple proteins or homoproteins

Question 42

Contains a prosthetic group or a non-protein part in addition to protein

Answer 42

Conjugated proteins

Question 43

Proteins derived form simple or conjugated proteins by physical or chemical means

Answer 43

Derived proteins

Question 44

Contains an adequate amount of all the essential amino acids that should be incorporated in the diet

Answer 44

Complete proteins

Question 45

Any protein that lack one or more essential amino acids in correct proportion

Answer 45

Incomplete proteins or partial proteins

Question 46

Compensate for each other's lack of amino acids

Answer 46

Complementary proteins

Question 46

The loss of the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of a protein by a chemical or physical agent

Answer 46

Denaturation

Question 47

Cleaves hydrogen bonds

Answer 47

Heat

Question 48

Opens up hydrophobic regions

Answer 48

Detergents

Question 49

Affects salt bridges and H-bonds

Answer 49

Acids and bases, Salts

Question 50

Breaks disulfide bonds

Answer 50

Reducing agents

Question 51

Attacks SH group

Answer 51

Heavy metal ions

Question 52

attacks hydrogen bonds

Answer 52

Alchohol

Question 53

Breaking the peptide bonds by treatment with aqueous acid, base, or certain enzymes

Answer 53

Protein hydrolysis