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Clinchem > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

A protein structure with local folding

A

Secondary struture

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2
Q

A protein structure that has a 3D shape

A

Tertiary

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3
Q

Protein structure held together with subunits

A

Quaternary

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4
Q

Plasma proteins are synthsized in the

A

Liver

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5
Q

2 proteins not synthesized by the liver

A

VWF and Immunoglobulins

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6
Q

VWF is produced by the ___

A

endothelial cells, megakaryocytes

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7
Q

Immunoglobulins are produced by the ____

A

plasma proteins

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8
Q

The nitrogen content of serum proteins

A

16%

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9
Q

Other name for Prealbumin

A

Transthyretin

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10
Q

The most anodal protein

A

Pre-albumin

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11
Q

A protein that transports thyroid hormones and Vit. A by forming a retinol binding complex

A

Pre-albumin

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12
Q

A protein marker for malnutrition

A

Pre-albumin

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13
Q

Protein that has the highest concentration in serum

A

Albumin

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14
Q

Concentration of Albumin in Total Protein

A

2/3

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15
Q

Provides 80% COP in the body, prevents edema

A

Albumin

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16
Q

Hypoalbuminemia causes what condition?

A

Edema

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17
Q

Increased Albumin means

A

Dehydration

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18
Q

Ratio of Globulin in Total Protein

A

1/3

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19
Q

Inhibits Protease: Elastin

A

A1-antitrypsin

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20
Q

AAT Deficiency causes

A

Emphysema

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21
Q

Hormone that helps in the prevention of Emphysema

A

Elastin

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22
Q

A COPD, “Pink puffer’

A

Emphysema

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23
Q

“Barrel Chest”

A

Emphysema

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24
Q

Blue Bloaters

A

Chronic Bronchitis

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25
Q

Synthesized in the fetal liver for the protection of fetus against an immunologic attack from the mother

A

A1-fetoprotein

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26
Q

Low AFP means

A

Down Sytndrome

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27
Q

High AFP means

A

Neural tube defect, Spina Bifida

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28
Q

AFP is a tumor maker for

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma & Testicular Carcinoma

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29
Q

Protein that transports Copper

A

Ceruloplasmin

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30
Q

Protein associated with Wilson’s Disease

A

Ceruloplasmin

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31
Q

Increased copper in liver results in

A

hepatic cirrhosis

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32
Q

Increased copper in the brain results in

A

Neurologic damage

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33
Q

Increased copper in the cornea

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings

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34
Q

Wilson’s Disease Lab test results

A

Total Serum Copper: Low
Free & Urinary Copper: High

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35
Q

Protein that inhibits Trypsin, Thrombin, Plasmin, Kallikrein

A

A2-macroglobulin

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36
Q

A2-Macroglobulin is increased in what syndrome?

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

37
Q

Hypoalbuminemia, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Hypercoagulable state, Hyplerlipidemia are manifestations of what syndrome?

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

38
Q

Glomerulus can filter out substances with only _______ daltons

A

70,000 kDa

39
Q

Protein that binds free hemoglobin

A

Haptoglobin

40
Q

2 Proteins decreased in Hemolytic Anemia

A

Haptoglobin & Hemopexin

41
Q

Protein that scavenge heme to protect the body from oxidative damage

A

Hemopexin

42
Q

Protein that transports ferric substances

A

Transferrin

43
Q

Protein that can determine the cause of IDA

A

Transferrin

44
Q

A protein, opsonin, and suggests and inflammation

A

CRP

45
Q

DETERMINES the risk for Cardiovascular disease

A

hsCRP

46
Q

A placental glue

A

Fibronectin

47
Q

Used to test for the assessment of the risk for Preterm Delivery (24-35 gestational age)

A

Fibronectin

48
Q

MArker for Bone Resorption

A

CL-C-Telopeptide

49
Q

Gold standard for MI

A

Troponin

50
Q

3 subunits of Troponin

A

Trop T, Trop I, Trop C

51
Q

1st protein marker to increase during MI

A

Myoglobin

52
Q

1st to increase during MI, but non-specific

A

Myoglobin

53
Q

Protein marker for Congestive Heart Failure

A

BNP/N terminal BNP

54
Q

MI Markers

A

Myoglobin
Troponin
CK-MB
AST
LD

55
Q

Give the a2 globulins

A

C H A

Ceruloplasmin
Haptoglobin
A2 macroglobulin

56
Q

Gamma Globulins

A

IgA
IgG
IgM
IgD
IgE
CRP

57
Q

CRP increases

A

1000x

58
Q

Serum Amylois A increases

A

1000x

59
Q

AAT increases

A

2-5x

60
Q

Fibrinogen increases

A

2-5x

61
Q

Haptoglobin increases

A

2-10x

62
Q

Ceruloplasmin increases

A

2x

63
Q

C3 increases

A

2x

64
Q

Mannose-Binding Protein increases

A

?

65
Q

CRP concentration

A

0.5 mg/dL

66
Q

Serum Amyloid A conc.

A

3 mg/dL

67
Q

AAT conc.

A

200-400 mg/dL

68
Q

Fibrinogen conc.

A

110-400 mg/dL

69
Q

Haptoglobin conc.

A

40-200 mg/dL

70
Q

Ceruloplasmin conc.

A

20-40 mg/dL

71
Q

C3 conc.

A

60-140 mg/dL

72
Q

MBP conc.

A

0.15-1 mg/dL

73
Q

Hyperproteinemia is a result of

A

dehydration

74
Q

Reference method for Total protein

A

Kjelhadl method

75
Q

Kjeldah; method measures what content?

A

Nitrogen 16%

76
Q

Nitrogen content in protein

A

16% or 6.25 or 6.54

77
Q

Routine Total Protein method

A

Biuret method

78
Q

Buiret method produces what color?

A

Violet colored chelate

79
Q

Total Protein method for research use

A

Dye-binding

80
Q

Dye-binding Total protein method uses what reagent

A

BCG/BCP

81
Q

Albumin measurement uses what method?

A

BCG and BCP

82
Q

Beta-gamma bridging

A

Cirrhosis

83
Q

Monoclonal spike

A

MM (IgA)
Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (IgG)

84
Q

High Beta

A

use of plasma instead of serum (fibrinogen)

85
Q

Low AAT

A

Emphysema

86
Q

Low Albumin, High A2 & Beta

A

NEphrotic Syndrome

87
Q

The most significant finding in an electrophoretic pattern

A

Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Disease

88
Q

5 Regions in Electrophoresis

A

Albumin
A2
A1
Beta
Gamma

Clinchem (12 decks)

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