Proteins Flashcards
What monomers form proteins?
Amino acids
What are many amino acids joined together called?
Polypeptide
How many amino acids have been identified?
100
What forms an amino acid?
Central carbon attached to amino (NH2) - carboxyl (COOH) - hydrogen (H) - R group (variety of different chemical groups)
What do amino acids differ in?
Their R group
What is formed when two amino acids join?
Dipeptide
How is a dipeptide formed?
two amino acids join via a peptide bond in a condensation reaction
How is water made in a dipeptide condensation reaction?
OH of carboxyl group of one amino acid and with a H from the amino group of another amino acid
Where is the peptide bond formed?
Between the carbon atom of one amino acid and the nitrogen atom of another amino acid
How is a polypeptide formed?
in series of condensation reactions where many amino acid monomers are joined together in polymerisation- resulting chain is polypeptide
What creates the primary structure of a protein?
sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
What does the primary structure determine?
The proteins ultimate shape and hence it’s function
What is a proteins shape specific to?
Its function
What is the secondary structure of a protein?
Hydrogen bonds form between amino acids causing chain to coil into alpha helix or fold into beta pleated sheets
In the secondary structure of a protein where do the hydrogen bonds form?
Hydrogen of NH group has overall positive charge while Oxygen of C=O group has overall negative charge. Weak attraction between oppositely charged atoms
