Carbohydrates Flashcards
What type of molecule is a carbohydrate?
A polysaccharide
What is a polysaccharide?
molecules made form a large number of monosaccharides joined together
What is a monosaccharide?
Monomers from which larger carbohydrates are formed
What are the main monosaccharides?
-galactose
-fructose
-alpha glucose
-beta glucose
What bond does a condensation reaction between monosaccharides form?
Glycosidic
What is formed when two monosaccharides join together with a glycosidic bond in a condensation reaction?
Disaccharide
What are the main disaccharides?
-lactose
-sucrose
-maltose
How is maltose formed?
Condensation reaction and glycosidic bond of two ALPHA glucose molecules
How is sucrose formed?
Condensation reaction and glycosidic bond of a fructose and glucose molecule
How is lactose formed?
Condensation reaction and glycosidic bond of glucose and galactose molecule
What are the two isomers of glucose?
alpha and beta glucose
What is the structure of an alpha glucose molecule?
https://static.aqa.org.uk/assets/image/0018/235440/00055366-DA00046397-DB.png
What is the structure of beta glucose?
https://static.aqa.org.uk/assets/image/0008/235439/00055366-DA00046396-DB.png
What type of sugar is glucose?
Hexose
What is the formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
Which polysaccharides are formed from alpha glucose molecules?
Glycogen and Starch
Which polysaccharides are formed from beta glucose?
Cellulose
What are reducing sugars?
Sugar that can donate electrons or reduce another chemical