Protein Synthesis Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two steps involved with protein synthesis?
A
Transcription then translation
2
Q
What is transcription?
A
Copying DNA code into RNA
3
Q
Where does transcription occur?
A
The nucleus
4
Q
How does transcription work?
A
- DNA strand splits, exposing active strand
- Complementary nucleotides line up opposite the active strand forming mRNA
- mRNA leaves the nucleus
- The DNA strand zips back up using the enzyme polymerase
5
Q
What is translation?
A
All three types of RNA work together to produce proteins
6
Q
Where does translation occur?
A
Ribosomes (in cytoplasm)
7
Q
How does translation work?
A
- 3 nucleotides attach to the ribosome (CODONS)
- tRNA picks up the amino acid and takes it to rRNA
- rRNA picks up the amino acid and attaches it to the polypeptide
8
Q
What is a codon?
A
Sets of three bases that each code for one protein
9
Q
What is protein synthesis?
A
Assembly of amino acids, by RNA, into proteins
10
Q
What enzyme unzips the DNA strand?
A
Helicase
11
Q
The bases on RNA tells us:
A
Which amino acids go on the polypeptide
