Protein Synthesis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
0
Q

What are the three types of RNA?

A
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are genes?

A

coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

A

serves as the messenger from DNA to the ribosome (site of protein production)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

A

protein are assembled on ribosomes which contain a strand of rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of transfer RNA?

A

transfers each amino acid to the ribosomes as specified by mRNA coded messages from the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many genes code for a protein?

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two major stages in protein synthesis?

A
  1. Transcription - synthesis of mRNA from the DNA template

2. Translation - synthesis of a protein from the mRNA template

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Will the mRNA stand be complementary to the DNA strand it was written from?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does transcription occur?

A

In the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a codons?

A

Three nitrogen bases from mRNA that specify for a specific amino acid (builds a protein)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does translation occur?

A

on the ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many different codon combinations are there?

A

64

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the AUG codon code for?

A

Tells ribosome to start building the protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does tRNA know which amino acid goes where?

A

due to its complementary codon/anticodon relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly