DNA & RNA Structure and Function Flashcards

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0
Q

Both stands of DNA are held together by what bond and why?

A

Weak hydrogen bonds because DNA is constantly being pulled apart to be copied

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1
Q

How are DNA and RNA similar?

A

both are made of nucleic acids

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2
Q

Which four nitrogen bases are partners in DNA?

A

Adenine - Thymine

Guanine - Cytosine

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3
Q

Which four nitrogen bases are partners in RNA?

A

Adenine - Uracil

Guanine - Cytosine

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4
Q

Are the two strands of DNA complementary to each other?

A

Yes

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5
Q

What is the function of DNA?

A

stores and transmits genetic information from one generation to the next, from one parent cell to daughter cells

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6
Q

Does DNA ever leave the nucleus

A

No

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7
Q

What is the function of RNA?

A

used by cells as a working copy of a gene to be used in the production of proteins

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8
Q

Can RNA leave the nucleus?

A

Yes

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9
Q

When does DNA happen?

A

before cell division so each new cell gets a full set of chromosomes

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10
Q

What are the steps to DNA replication?

A
  1. The DNA strands are “unzipped”
  2. The enzyme, DNA polymerase, attaches free nucleotides to build a new complementary strand along each old strand
  3. DNA polimerate proof reads DNA strands
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11
Q

What process is semi conservative replication

A

DNA replication (saving old strand and adding new strand)

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12
Q

Where does prokaryotic DNA replication occur?

A

on one spot on the chromosome and proceeded in both directions

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13
Q

Where does DNA replication occur in eukaryotic cells?

A

replication occurs in hundreds of places simultaneously in both directions to speed up the process

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