Cell Cycle Flashcards
What are the functions of mitosis?
- Asexual reproduction (in unicellular organisms)
2. Growth, repair, and development of an organism (multicellular organisms)
What is the product of cell division (mitosis)?
a genetically identical copy of itself
What are the two major phases of cell division?
- Interphase
2. M phase (cell division)
What does a parent cell divide into?
2 daughter cells
Interphase takes how much of a cell’s life.
90%
What are the three stages of interphase?
G1 Phase, S Phase, and G2 Phase
What happens during G1 phase?
Cell growth and copying of organelles
What happens during S Phase?
Synthesis of DNA and replication of chromosomes
What happens during G2 Phase?
Preparation for mitosis (organelles required for mitosis produced
What are the two stages of M Phase?
Mitosis and cytokinesis
What are the four steps of mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
What is mitosis?
Division of the nucleus
What is cytokinesis?
Division of cytoplasm and organelles between two cells
What happens during prophase?
Chromatin organizes into chromosomes (sister chromatids) and nuclear membrane disappears
What happens during metaphase?
sister chromatids line up at the cell’s equator and spindle fibers appear and attach to the centromere
What happens during anaphase?
Spindle fibers shorten, pulling the sister chromatids apart toward each new cell
What happens during telophase?
The nucleus reappears in both cells and chromosomes decondense into chromatin
What is the difference in cytokinesis between plant and animal cells
Animal cells develop a cleavage furrow that pinches in and plant cells build a wall separates the two new cells
What is the acronym for cell division
I.P.MAT
What are regulatory proteins/cydin?
Control cell division
What is apoptosis and what is its function?
Programmed cell death and is the key to developing tissues and organs
