protein synthesis 2

Question 1

carries genetic information from DNA in nucleus ▶️ribosomes in cytoplasm

Answer 1

mRNA: The Messenger

Question 2

• second step of protein synthesis
• occurs in ribosomes - protein factories of cell

Answer 2

Translation: Decoding the Message

Question 3

changes specific patterns of gene expression in cells, consistent with changes that can __________?

Answer 3

lead to cancer

Question 4

• causes anemia and other hematologic phenotypes
• defects in growth and development
• congenital anomalies, such as craniofacial defects and thumb

Answer 4

ribosome malfunction

Question 5

• building blocks of proteins
• linked together by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain.

Answer 5

amino acid

Question 6

sequence of amino acid determines protein’s…:

Answer 6

• structure
• function

Question 7

can consist of 1 or more polypeptide chains

Answer 7

protein

Question 8

misfolded proteins can lead to diseases such as:

Answer 8

Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s

Question 9

Proteins often undergo modifications after translation to become fully functional.

Answer 9

Post-Translational Modifications

Question 10

can affect protein’s location, activity, & interactions with other molecules

Answer 10

modification

Question 11

• changes in DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis
• alter an organism’s appearance, behavior, and physiology, affecting all aspects of life, are crucial for evolution and genetic variation.

Answer 11

mutations

Question 12

allows for production of proteins

Answer 12

genetic engineering

Question 13

used to produce genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

Answer 13

Recombinant DNA technology