Protein synthesis

Question 1

What is a template strand?

Answer 1

The template strand is the DNA strand that is complementary to the base sequence of the target strand

Question 2

What is the STOP codon?

Answer 2

A triplet of bases that signals RNA polymerase to stop

Question 3

Summarise Transcription

Answer 3

DNA helicase unwinds DNA
RNA polymerase binds to the locus of gene
RNA polymerase breaks Hydrogen bonds between complementary bases
RNA polymerase binds free floating RNA nucleotides to template strand
RNA nucleotides form mRNA (Phosphodiester bonds)
RNA polymerase reaches stop codon
mRNA strand separated from template strand and leaves nucleus

Question 4

How many bases/codons can fit inside the ribosome at one time?

Answer 4

6 bases/ 2 codons

Question 5

How is tRNA able to bind to the correct codon?

Answer 5

The tRNA molecule has an anticodon that is complementary to a specific codon which allows the correct tRNA molecule to bind to the correct codon