Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Transcription Process

Answer 1

1. RNA polymerase binds to promoter and reads template strand
2. RNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to growing pre-mRNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction
3. RNA polymerase reaches termination site (stop triplet) and detaches, releasing pre-mRNA

Question 2

RNA Processing

Answer 2

1. Methyl cap is added to 5’ end
2. Introns spliced out and exons joined together
3. Poly-A tail added to 3’ end
4. Pre-mRNA is now mRNA

Question 3

Translation Process

Answer 3

1. Ribosome reads the mRNA code starting at the 3’ end and reads the code 3 nucleotides at a time (a codon)
2. tRNA molecule with the corresponding anticodon brings corresponding amino acid to ribosome
3. Amino acid is added to growing polypeptide chain through condensation polymerisation