Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Transcription how?

Answer 1

enzyme RNA polymerase catalyses transcription of DNA.
one strand of DNA is used to be transcribed to a mRNA.

part of DNA where transcription begins is called promoter. part where it ends is known as terminator.

transcription pairs bases in complementary manner.

Question 2

Translation how?

Answer 2

nucleotide sequence of mRNA determines the sequence of amino acid.
small part of ribosome where mRNA binds. larger part of ribosome tRNA binds, it has two sites P and A site.
tRNA attaches to P site first then A site next.

Question 3

tRNA

Answer 3

carries amino acid

serves as adaptor between mRNA and amino acid during protein synthesis.

involves in translation phase.

Question 4

mRNA

Answer 4

code for proteins

Question 5

transcription general

Answer 5

Information encoded in a specific
region of DNA is transcribed
(copied) to produce a specific
molecule of RNA (ribonucleic
acid).

Question 6

translation general

Answer 6

The RNA attaches to a ribosome,
where the information contained
in RNA is translated into a
corresponding sequence of amino
acids to form a new protein
molecule

Question 7

rRNA

Answer 7

form the core of the ribosome and catalyse protein synthesis

Question 8

miRNA

Answer 8

regulate gene expression

Question 9

complementary base pairs

Answer 9

DNA:
ATG CAT

Complementary mrna base pair:
UAC GUA