Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Which of these are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA?

Answer 1

Adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine.

Question 2

Which of these nitrogenous bases are present in RNA?

Answer 2

Adenine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine.

Question 3

Which of these is the start codon?

Answer 3

AUG

Question 4

Which of the following correctly describes the function of codons?

Answer 4

Codons encode the amino acid that translates into protein.

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes the function of mRNA?

Answer 5

mRNA carries the coding sequence that directs translation.

Question 6

rRNA is responsible for which of the following functions?

Answer 6

rRNA translates amino acids into proteins by binding to mRNA, tRNA, and accessory proteins.

Question 7

Which of the following functions is carried out by the rRNA in cells?

Answer 7

rRNA translates amino acids into proteins by binding to mRNA, tRNA, and accessory proteins.

Question 8

Which of the following statements best describes the structure of DNA and RNA?

Answer 8

DNA is a double-stranded, helical molecule, and RNA is single-stranded.

Question 9

The structure of the RNA is usually unstable. How does it attain a stable form in a cell?

Answer 9

RNA structure can form intrachain base-pairs to attain stability.

Question 10

Which of the following statements describes the structure of a ribosome?

Answer 10

A ribosome has two subunits. The smaller subunit binds to mRNA, and the larger subunit binds to tRNA.

Question 11

Which of these is a function of a ribosome?

Answer 11

Ribosomes can decode mRNA and assemble amino acids for protein synthesis.

Question 12

The unzipping of DNA takes place when ___________.

Answer 12

The hydrogen bond between the two opposite nucleotides on the double-stranded DNA breaks.

Question 13

Which of these enzymes help in the unwinding of DNA?

Answer 13

Helicase.

Question 14

Which of the following is the primary enzyme required for transcription?

Answer 14

RNA Polymerase.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true about transcription?

Answer 15

The new transcript is complementary to the template strand.

Question 16

Which of the following processes is a part of post-transcriptional modification?

Answer 16

The addition of a 5’ methyl cap and a poly-A tail to mRNA.

Question 17

What happens during the translation process?

Answer 17

Synthesis of proteins from the mRNA template.

Question 18

In humans, translation starts when the ribosomes bind to the start codon at __________.

Answer 18

5’ methyl cap.

Question 19

Protein synthesis occurs in which part of the cell?

Answer 19

Cytoplasm.

Question 20

At which site of ribosomes are amino acids transferred to the growing polypeptide chain?

Answer 20

P site.