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biochemistry- vic > protein synthesis > Flashcards

protein synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is mRNA?

A

copies the information in the DNA molecule

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2
Q

What is transcription?

A

The process of making mRNA

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3
Q

What is transfer tRNA?

A

carries the information out of the nucleus

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4
Q

What is translation?

A

Process of building new protein using the information on the mRNA molecules
- this is translation because information is translated from one language (nucleotides) into another (amino acids)

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5
Q

The type of protein made is determined by….?

A

the function of the cell

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6
Q

What is the genetic code?

A

The sequence of three intravenous bases that represent one amino acid

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7
Q

What is a gene?

A

submits of DNA molecules

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8
Q

What is a promotor?

A

the start signals

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9
Q

What are terminators?

A

stop signals

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10
Q

What are transcription?

A

the formation of mRNA in the nucleus

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11
Q

What is RNA polymerase?

A

during transcription, this special enzyme binds to a DNA molecule and coordinates bonding between DNA nitrogenous bases and circulating nucleotides

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12
Q

What are introns?

A

DNA noninformational or “nonsense” triplets

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13
Q

What are exons?

A

informational triplets

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14
Q

What are spliceosomes?

A

special RNA-protein complexes found in the nucleus form assembly lines

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15
Q

What is called small ribonucleoproteins?

A

complexes that cut out the introns and splice together the exons in the order in which they occur in the DNA gene

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16
Q

What is ribosomal RNA?

A

uses information from the messenger RNA to create the proteins needed by the body

17
Q

When does protein synthesis begin?

A

when the two ribosomal units (the interwoven protein and rRNA molecules) interlock around the initial codon of an mRNA strand

18
Q

What are ribosomes composed of?

A

they are composed of protein and a second type of RNA called ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

19
Q

Where does protein synthesis begin?

A

in the nucleus - where the instructions for building proteins are contained within DNA

20
Q

Does DNA leave the nucleus?

A

No

21
Q

Where are amino acids assembled?

A

in the cytoplasm

biochemistry- vic (11 decks)

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