Protein Synthase Must Review Flashcards
What does ribosomal RNA (rRNA) do?
- forms part of the ribosomes
- bonds amino acids together with peptide bonds
Does transfer RNA (tRNA) do?
- transfers amino acids to ribosomes
What is a purine? Which DNA bases are purines?
- 6-sided ring and 5 sides fused together
- adenine and guanine
What is a pyridines? Which DNA bases are pyridines ?
-6 sided ring only
- thymine and cytosine
What’s the difference between primary and mature RNA?
- primary RNA is unprocessed and contains introns, while mature RNA is processed and contains only extrons
What is /the gene expression?
DNA nucleotide sequence -> Amino Acids-> protein->structure in organism
Where does mRNA go from the nucleus?
-through the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
Where is mRNA produced in prokaryotic cells?
-in the cytoplasm
Where is mRNA produced in eukaryotic cells?
Produced in the nucleus then sent out to the cytoplasm
What is the promoter region?
A DNA sequence that signals transcription factors and RNA polymerase
What are transcription factors?
They bond to the promoter region of DNA and allow RNA polymerase to attach to
What is the protein coding region?
Region of DNA that codes for the specific RNA sequence
What does a polypeptide become
A functional protein
What does a polypeptide become
A functional protein
How does a polypeptide become a functional protein/ what are the steps?
1.) primary structure: amino acid sequence
2.) secondary structure: primary structure with foldings as a result of hydrogen bonding
3.) tertiary structure: secondary structure with secondary foldings caused by interactions within the polypeptide and its immediate environment
4.) quaternary structure: the relationship between the subunits in a protein
