Protein Structure and Function Flashcards
peptide bond
linkage between an amino group and carboxyl group in an amino acid
globular
proteins, including enzymes and carrier proteins, that are water soluble
The exterior of a protein is (hydrophobic/hydrophilic)
hydrophilic
The interior of a protein is (hydrophobic/hydrophilic)
hydrophobic
tyrosine and tryptophan
absorb UV light, can help to determine amounts of purified protein
specific activity
the activity per amount of purified protein
molten globule
when one or two structural elements are formed with the rest of the protein in an open state, prone to aggregation in this state
chaperone
a specialized protein that assist in correct protein folding
alpha helix
a secondary structure of proteins, results from hydrogen bonding
proline
amino acid with 5-membered ring, strongly disfavored in alpha helix (helix breaker)
amphipathic
a molecule that has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts (alpha helix)
beta-sheet
secondary structure of protein, results from hydrogen bonding between stretches of amino acid residues
disordered peptide regions
connects domains of a protein (not a helix or b sheet)
gylcine
smallest amino acid, allows protein to form sharp bends
fibrous proteins
relatively insoluble, elongated, structural (collagen or elastin)
elastin
a fibrous protein found in lungs, extensively cross linked
desmosine
a linkage provided by 4 lysine residues, in elastin
keratins
in hair and nails, tough fibers rich in cysteine
pKa
the pH at which the molecule is 50% in the acid form and 50% in the base form
isoelectric point
a certain pH where certain proteins and amino acids are electrically neutral
