Protein Structure and Function

Question 1

define genome

Answer 1

complete set of genetic info

Question 2

define transcriptome

Answer 2

The transcriptome is the complement of genes that is actually transcribed

Question 3

define proteome

Answer 3

the entire complement of proteins that can be expressed by a cell

Question 4

what is needed to assemble a protein

Answer 4

rRNA, tRNA, mRNA

Question 5

primary structure

Answer 5

the polypeptide chain

Question 6

secondary structure

Answer 6

when it folds into alpha helix or beta pleated sheets

Question 7

tertiary structure

Answer 7

proper folding of protein into final conformation

Question 8

quaternary structure

Answer 8

the coming together of subunits to form the overall functional protein complex

Question 9

how do we make proteins

Answer 9

We transcribe into mRNA, then translate that.

Question 10

what does translation start with

Answer 10

methionine

Question 11

what are the steps in protein assembly

Answer 11

initiation
elongation
termination

Question 12

what codes for methionine

Answer 12

AUG

Question 13

how is translation initiated

Answer 13

At the 5’ end of mRNA, you have a cap sequence, which allows the small sub ribosomal unit to bind to it, which carries the initator methionine. As soon as it sees the next codon coding methionine, it allows a large ribosomal subunit to bind, initiating translation.