Protein Shapes, Structure and Functions

Question 1

Proteins are made up of smaller molecules called…

Answer 1

Amino Acids

Question 2

Amino acids are joined up together to form chains called…

Answer 2

Polypeptides

Question 3

Polypeptides fold to form 3D ______

Answer 3

Proteins

Question 4

What is the small depression called in proteins?

Answer 4

A binding Site

Question 5

Proteins that speed up reactions are called ______

Answer 5

Enzymes

Question 6

Name 3 common protein types

Answer 6

1. Antibodies
2. Enzymes
3. Hormones

Question 7

We can produce enzymes in industry by growing ______

Answer 7

Bacteria

Question 8

We grow microorganisms in large vets called _______

Answer 8

Fermenters

Question 9

Give 2 advantages of producing enzymes using frementers

Answer 9

1. Cheap

2. Large quantities can be produced

Question 10

Enzymes are classed as _____ catalysts because they contain carbon

Answer 10

organic

Question 11

Metals, such as iron, are ______ catalysts because they do not contain carbon

Answer 11

inorganic

Question 12

What is an advantage of an enzyme over a metal catalyst?

Answer 12

They are cheap

Question 13

Name the enzyme used to digest protein in the food industry

Answer 13

Protease

Question 14

Name the enzyme used to digest starch in the food industry

Answer 14

Carbohydrase

Question 15

Name the enzyme used to rearrange glucose into fructose in the food industry

Answer 15

Glucose isomerase

Question 16

What is the name of the chemical that is found in bio and non bio washing powders?

Answer 16

Detergent

Question 17

What do bio washing powders contain to help in removing stains?

Answer 17

Enzymes

Question 18

Most stains contain what 3 substances?

Answer 18

1. Fats
2. Proteins
3. Carbohydrates

Question 19

Why would early bio detergents only work in warm water?

Answer 19

Because the enzymes in them would denature at high temperatures

Question 20

Why can enzymes now be used in much wamer water?

Answer 20

Because they are made from bacteria that live in hot springs

Question 21

Name 3 common protein based stains

Answer 21

Any from:
Blood
Grass
Egg

Question 22

Which enzyme in the bio washing powder would remove protein based stains?

Answer 22

Protease

Question 23

Name 3 common lipid stains

Answer 23

1. Fat
2. Grease
3. Oil

Question 24

Which enzyme in the bio washing powder would remove lipid stains?

Answer 24

Lipase

Question 25

Give a disadvantage of using enzymes in chemical reactions

Answer 25

Some people are allergic to some detergents

Question 26

Name the process whereby large molecules of food are broken down by the body

Answer 26

Digestion

Question 27

______ speed up the breaking down of food molecules

Answer 27

Enzymes

Question 28

Proteins are broken down into ...

Answer 28

Amino acids

Question 29

Starch and carbohydrates are broken down into ...

Answer 29

Glucose

Question 30

Lipids are broken down into ...

Answer 30

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 31

Enzymes that exist outside the cell are called _____

Answer 31

Extra-cellular

Question 32

Name the enzyme that acts on Proteins

Answer 32

Protease

Question 33

Name the enzyme that acts on Starch

Answer 33

Amylase

Question 34

Name the enzyme that acts on Lipids

Answer 34

Lipase

Question 35

How does the stomach maintain an acidic pH?

Answer 35

Through hydrochloric acid

Question 36

How is an alkaline pH maintained in the small intestine?

Answer 36

The liver produces bile