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z - AQA Additional Biology - Old spec > Cells and Organ Systems > Flashcards

Cells and Organ Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is the scientific name for a simple cell?

A

Epithelial Cell

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2
Q

What do we all a cell with special features?

A

Specialised Cell or Differentiated Cells

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3
Q

Nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes are examples of …

A

Organelles

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4
Q

What is the job of the nucleus?

A

Controls the cell’s activities.

Contains genetic information of the cell.

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5
Q

What is the job of mitochondria?

A

Turns glucose into energy (via respiration)

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6
Q

What is the job of ribosomes?

A

Protein Synthesis (building proteins from amino acids.

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7
Q

What is the job of the cell membrane?

A

controls what goes in and out of the cell

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8
Q

Name 4 specialised animal cell types (and their extra features)

A

Any from: sperm cell, nerve cell, ciliated epithelial cell, red blood cell, muscle cell, egg cell

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9
Q

A single cell organism is called a…

A

Unicellular organism

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10
Q

An electron microscope can magnify objects up to…

A

500 000 X

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11
Q

Identify the features of a bacterial cell

A 
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Chromosome
Ribosomes
Plasmids
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12
Q

Identify the features of a yeast cell

A 
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Nucleus
Mitochondria
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13
Q

Identify the features of an animal cell

A 
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
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14
Q

Identify the features of a plant cell

A 
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts
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15
Q

Name three specialised plant cells

A

Any from: Palisade Mesophyll cell, Root hair cell, Epidermal cells

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16
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

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17
Q

Diffusion in cells happen through the…

A

Cell Membrane

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18
Q

What is meant by a semi (or particially) permeable membrane?

A

A semi permeable or particailly permeable membrane is a membrane that allows small particles to go through but not large particles

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19
Q

Give three examples of small particles that can go through a cell membrane

A

Any from: oxgen, glucose, amino acids, water

20
Q

Name two large particles that cant go through a cell membrane

A

Starch and Protein

21
Q

Give an example of where diffusion takes place in our bodies

A

Lungs

22
Q

Name the two specialised sex cells

A

Egg and sperm cell

23
Q

What is a zygote?

A

A fertilised cell

24
Q

What are gametes?

A

Specialised sex cells (egg and sperm cells)

25
Q

What are embryonic stem cells?

A

The cells in an early embryo

26
Q

When embryonic stem cells change into specialised cells, we say that its cells have…

A

Differentiated

27
Q

When many cells of the same type join together they form a…

A

Tissue

28
Q

Name a plant organ?

A

Any from: Stems, Leaves, Flowers

29
Q

Name the four types of plant tissue

A

Xylem tissue, Phloem tissue, Epidermal tissue and Mesophyll tissue

30
Q

Name 4 human organs of the digestive system and their functions

A

Pancreas
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine

31
Q

Several groups of organs make an…

A

Organ System

32
Q

What is the job of Plant Xylem and Phloem Tissue?

A

To carry materials around the plant

33
Q

What is the job of Plant Epidermal Tissue?

A

Covers the plant

34
Q

What is the job of Plant Mesophyll Tissue?

A

This tissue is where photosynthesis occurs

35
Q

Name the 3 things found in plant cells but not animal cells.

A

call wall, vacuole, chloroplasts

36
Q

What is a cell wall made from?

A

cellulose

37
Q

What is the function of a cell wall?

A

to protect the cell and maintain its rigid shape

38
Q

What is inside a chloroplast?

A

chlorophyll

39
Q

What is the function of a chloroplast?

A

to carry out photosynthesis

40
Q

What is inside a vacuole?

A

cell sap

41
Q

What is the function of a vacuole?

A

Supports cell by making it firm

42
Q

Where are palisade mesophyll cells found?

A

in leaves

43
Q

What is the specific function of a palisade mesophyll cell?

A

Cells that carry out photosynthesis

44
Q

What is the function of a root hair cell?

A

To collect water and minerals from the soil

45
Q

What does a root hair cell not have?

A

chloroplasts (or chlorophyll)

46
Q

What is the function of the xylem and phloem?

A

To transport materials around the plant

47
Q

Name 3 specialised plant cells.

A

palisade mesophyll cells, root hair cells, xylem vessels, guard cells

z - AQA Additional Biology - Old spec (7 decks)

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