Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

z - AQA Additional Biology - Old spec > Inheriting Diseases > Flashcards

Inheriting Diseases Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What do we collectively call egg and sperm cells?

A

Gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many chromosomes are found in a sex cell?

A

23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many chromosomes are found in a adult cell?

A

46

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When a baby grows or an injury heals cell division takes place. What do we call this type of division?

A

Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bacteria use mitosis to reproduce. What type of reproduction is this?

A

Asexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The production of gametes uses what type of cell division?

A

Meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the process of meiosis.

A

Chromosomes copy
Cell divides into 2
2 cells then divide into 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The eye colour that offspring has depends on which allele is d______ and which is r______

A

Dominant and Recessive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

For a person to show a dominant trait, they need to have at least ______ copy of the chromosome

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

For a person to show a recessive trait, they need _____ copies of the chromosome

A

2 (1 from each parent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Human characteristics are decided by the _______ we inherit

A

Genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Genes tell our cells how to build _______ from _____.

A

Proteins from amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Every human receives _______ pairs of ______ from their parents

A

2 pairs of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

They receive 2 forms of the same gene. We call these forms ______

A

alleles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A human body cell that has differentiated can no longer…?

A

Change into any other type of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are stem cells?

A

Undifferentiated cells that can change into specialised cells

17
Q

Put these words into the correct order: feotus, egg and sperm, embryo, zygote

A

Egg and sperm, Zygote, Embryo, Feotus

18
Q

What is so special about embryonic stem cells?

A

They can change into any type of specialised cell

19
Q

Why are adult stem cells not quite as good as embryonic stem cells?

A

Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any type of cell

20
Q

Where can adult stem cells be found?

A

Bone marrow OR umbilical cord

21
Q

Name the inherited disorder that can cause a person to develop an extra finger or toe

A

Polydactyly

22
Q

What type of allele causes Polydactyly?

A

A dominant allele

23
Q

What doe it mean if a disease is cayesd by a dominant allele?

A

This means you only need 1 allele to cause the disorder

24
Q

Name a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele

A

Cystic Fibrosis

25
Q

What does it mean if a disease is caused by recessive alleles?

A

This means you need 2 alleles to cause the disorder

26
Q

Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a _________ allele

A

Recessive

27
Q

How does cystic fibrosis spread so effectively?

A

It is caused by a recessive allele so people can carry the disorder without realising it

28
Q

What is meant by genetic disorder screening?

A

Checking to see if an embryo will develop to have a genetic disorder

29
Q

Describe the process of screening for a genetic disorder

A

STEP 1: Eggs are taken from the woman’s ovaries and fertilised by sperm from the man (IVF)
step 2: The embryos are tested to see if the carry the alleles for the disorder
STEP 3: Any embryos that do not have the faulty gene can be placed in the womb of the woman to develop into a baby

30
Q

What are the 3 types of issues people may have with genetic engineering?

A

Social, ethical and economic issues

31
Q

What is meant by a social issue?

A

How something affects people, both individuals and all of society

32
Q

What is meant by an ethical issue?

A

Whether we think something is right or wrong

33
Q

What is meant by an economic issue?

A

Where money is involved

34
Q

Give a social issues surrounding genetic screening

A

Can save lives and eradicate diseases

Stop suffering

35
Q

Give a ethical issue surrounding genetic screening

A

It is considered as “designer babies”

36
Q

Give an economic issue surrounding genetic screening

A

It means NHS money goes to other people

Treatments only available to the rich

z - AQA Additional Biology - Old spec (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions