Inheriting Diseases

Question 1

What do we collectively call egg and sperm cells?

Answer 1

Gametes

Question 2

How many chromosomes are found in a sex cell?

Answer 2

23

Question 3

How many chromosomes are found in a adult cell?

Answer 3

46

Question 4

When a baby grows or an injury heals cell division takes place. What do we call this type of division?

Answer 4

Mitosis

Question 5

Bacteria use mitosis to reproduce. What type of reproduction is this?

Answer 5

Asexual reproduction

Question 6

The production of gametes uses what type of cell division?

Answer 6

Meiosis

Question 7

Describe the process of meiosis.

Answer 7

Chromosomes copy
Cell divides into 2
2 cells then divide into 4

Question 8

The eye colour that offspring has depends on which allele is d______ and which is r______

Answer 8

Dominant and Recessive

Question 9

For a person to show a dominant trait, they need to have at least ______ copy of the chromosome

Answer 9

1

Question 10

For a person to show a recessive trait, they need _____ copies of the chromosome

Answer 10

2 (1 from each parent)

Question 11

Human characteristics are decided by the _______ we inherit

Answer 11

Genes

Question 12

Genes tell our cells how to build _______ from _____.

Answer 12

Proteins from amino acids

Question 13

Every human receives _______ pairs of ______ from their parents

Answer 13

2 pairs of chromosomes

Question 14

They receive 2 forms of the same gene. We call these forms ______

Answer 14

alleles

Question 15

A human body cell that has differentiated can no longer…?

Answer 15

Change into any other type of cell

Question 16

What are stem cells?

Answer 16

Undifferentiated cells that can change into specialised cells

Question 17

Put these words into the correct order: feotus, egg and sperm, embryo, zygote

Answer 17

Egg and sperm, Zygote, Embryo, Feotus

Question 18

What is so special about embryonic stem cells?

Answer 18

They can change into any type of specialised cell

Question 19

Why are adult stem cells not quite as good as embryonic stem cells?

Answer 19

Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any type of cell

Question 20

Where can adult stem cells be found?

Answer 20

Bone marrow OR umbilical cord

Question 21

Name the inherited disorder that can cause a person to develop an extra finger or toe

Answer 21

Polydactyly

Question 22

What type of allele causes Polydactyly?

Answer 22

A dominant allele

Question 23

What doe it mean if a disease is cayesd by a dominant allele?

Answer 23

This means you only need 1 allele to cause the disorder

Question 24

Name a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele

Answer 24

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 25

What does it mean if a disease is caused by recessive alleles?

Answer 25

This means you need 2 alleles to cause the disorder

Question 26

Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a _________ allele

Answer 26

Recessive

Question 27

How does cystic fibrosis spread so effectively?

Answer 27

It is caused by a recessive allele so people can carry the disorder without realising it

Question 28

What is meant by genetic disorder screening?

Answer 28

Checking to see if an embryo will develop to have a genetic disorder

Question 29

Describe the process of screening for a genetic disorder

Answer 29

STEP 1: Eggs are taken from the woman's ovaries and fertilised by sperm from the man (IVF) step 2: The embryos are tested to see if the carry the alleles for the disorder STEP 3: Any embryos that do not have the faulty gene can be placed in the womb of the woman to develop into a baby

Question 30

What are the 3 types of issues people may have with genetic engineering?

Answer 30

Social, ethical and economic issues

Question 31

What is meant by a social issue?

Answer 31

How something affects people, both individuals and all of society

Question 32

What is meant by an ethical issue?

Answer 32

Whether we think something is right or wrong

Question 33

What is meant by an economic issue?

Answer 33

Where money is involved

Question 34

Give a social issues surrounding genetic screening

Answer 34

Can save lives and eradicate diseases | Stop suffering

Question 35

Give a ethical issue surrounding genetic screening

Answer 35

It is considered as "designer babies"

Question 36

Give an economic issue surrounding genetic screening

Answer 36

It means NHS money goes to other people | Treatments only available to the rich