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bio/living envi > protein formation > Flashcards

protein formation Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

polypeptides

A

long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

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2
Q

peptide bonds

A

the bonds between amino acids

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3
Q

what determines the type of amino acid?

A

the “R” side

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4
Q

how many amino acid types are there?

A

20 types of amino acids

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5
Q

types of ribosomes

A

free ribosomes that roam around the cell or rough ER ribosomes that are attached to it

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6
Q

proteins are made by

A

free roaming ribosomes in the cytoplasm

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7
Q

1st step of making proteins

A

make the copy of DNA and take to cytosol

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8
Q

2nd step of making proteins

A

the code should be read by ribosomes

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9
Q

3rd step of making proteins

A

amino acid is then put together by ribosomes to make polypeptides

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10
Q

dna is a plan

A

rna is a blueprint

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11
Q

Ribose VS Deoxyribose

A

ribose is in RNA

deoxyribose is in DNA

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12
Q

Uracil VS Thymine

A

A attaches to U in RNA

A attaches to T in DNA

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13
Q

Single Strand VS double strand

A

RNA is single stranded

DNA is double stranded

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14
Q

what are the three RNA types?

A 
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA
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15
Q

mRNA (messenger)

A

copies DNA code and carries info to ribosomes

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16
Q

rRNA (ribosomal)

A

along with proteins, makes up ribosomes

17
Q

tRNA (transfer)

A

transfers amino acids to the ribosomes to synthesize proteins

18
Q

mRNA codons are?

A

3 bases at a time of mRNA are read as codons, which code for the amino acids

19
Q

what do the codons stand for?

A

each codon stands for an amino acid

an amino acid may need more than one codon to make it

20
Q

there are how many codons?

A

64 codons

21
Q

which codon starts the translation?

A

AUG

22
Q

which codons stop the translation?

A

UAA UAG UGA

23
Q

ribosomal RNA structure

A

not straight globular

proteins and mRNA form ribosomes

24
Q

ribosomes are sites of

A

protein synthesis (formation)

25
Q

tRNA structure

A

clover leaf shape

one end is an attachment site to the mRNA and one end is carrying the amino acid

26
Q

anti-codon

A

the tRNA complement to mRNA’s codon

27
Q

how do codons and anti codons match?

A

3 bases of anti codons of tRNA match with 3 bases on codon on mRNA

bio/living envi (5 decks)

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