protein

Question 1

Can you explain what refeeding syndrome is?

Answer 1

Refeeding syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when a malnourished or starved person starts to receive nutrition again. When carbohydrates are suddenly reintroduced through feeding, the body’s metabolism primary energy source back to glucose.
This change causes rapid insulin secretion, which signals cells to take up glucose, along with phosphate, potassium, and magnesium. Causing electrolyte blood levels drop (too low)

Question 2

What are the symptoms of Hypophosphatemia?

Answer 2

Phosphate is necessary for producing ATP (the body’s energy molecule). Low phosphate levels can lead to muscle weakness, confusion, seizures and respitory distress.

Question 3

What are the symptoms of hypokalemia (low potassium levels)

Answer 3

Potassium is needed for proper muscle and nerve function, that also includes the heart, Low potassium levels can lead to arrhythmias and muscleweakness.

Question 4

Describe the symptoms and cause of Hypomagnesemia in refeeding syndome

Answer 4

Magnesium is needed for cellular functions, like nerve and muscle function. Low magnesium can cause seizures, muscle spasms and heart issues.

Question 5

Explain why fluid retention can occur in refeeding syndome

Answer 5

With increased insulin acitivity soidum and fluid rentetion occur leading to edeme and severe cases to heart failure due to fluid overload.

Question 6

Name situation where parental feeding is the best option

Answer 6

In situations where the gastroinstetinal tract is not functioning parental feeding is best.

Question 7

Define the concept of early life programming

Answer 7

Early life programming refers to the theory that evironmental factors during citical developmental windows in early life significantly influences someone’s health and risk of disease later in life.

Question 8

Explain what refeeding syndrome is

Answer 8

Refeeding syndrome is a result of rapid reintroduction of carbohydrates to individuals who have been in state of starvation or malnutrition. This can lead to severe electrolyte imbalances particulary hypophasphatemia,. hu

Question 9

Explain wha a priori approach is

Answer 9

For example: the adheremce to a mediteranean diet. This approach involves using existing classifications to analyze dietery patterns and typically includes;
Predefined dietary guidelines.
Scoring system which is based on their alignment with the guidelines

Question 10

Explain what a poteriori

Answer 10

This approach is explratory and data driven. It has an inductive process where the data reveals dietary patterns and leads to diverse outcomes.

Question 11

What are features of protein energy malnutrition (PEM)

Answer 11

reduced body weight
Reduces respiratory and cardiac muscle capacity
skin thinning
decreased metabolic rate
hypothermia
apathy
edema
immunodeficiency