protective gut bacteria and IBS/IBD Flashcards
where is the most bacteria located?
Colon
high motility areas of the intestinal tract=
low bacteria colonization
H2 blockers PPIs promote bacteria growth by
reducing acid secretion
MMC affect bacteria colonization because
clean out residual and mix of bacteria
Paneth cells exocytose into the crypt lumen, main product
lysozyme
defensin (cryptin)
lactoferrin
stem cell factors
Cryptins are __________forming
pore forming + lysozyme kill bacteria
what serves as a physical barrier, scaffold for defensive molecules (IgA), lubricant, and entraps microbes
mucus
where is there a more priminent loose layer of mucus?
small intestine
fiber rich diet promotes
mucus production
what essential vitamins can bacteria synthesize?
biotin, folic acid, Vitamin K
How much protein and COOH have been absorbed by the time digesta gets to the colon?
90%
C Diff can be treated with
Fecal transplant
Cholera toxin attacks
toxin binds to receptor and the other part enters the cell and irreversibly activates Adenylate cyclase
This inhibits NaCl transport and decreases absorption and stimulates chloride secretion. Na-glucose not affected.
How does cholera affect EC cell?
cAMP through release of serotonin which acts on myenteric and submucosal neurons is released and myenteric neurons acts on the 5-HT receptor stimulating VIP release, submucosal neurons stimulated to release VIP thus stimulating AC and further activating CFTR and Cl transport out of the cell
Cholera causes what type of stool
rice water stool
Oral rehydration (water+ salt + sugar + ions) therapy works with cholera because
sodium and sugar absorbed in the gut
water follows
hard to make a hypertonic starch solution
because starch is 1000 glucose and 1:1 osmotic (i don’t get this)
endocrine portion of the pancreas?
islet cells
Where are the secretory granules exocytosed in the acinar cells?
apical to dudodenum
Neurtransmitter/hormone cAMP mediated pathway on Pancreatic acinar cell?
VIP and secretin
Ca+ mediated cascade in pancreatic acinar cells?
GRP, ACh
Ca+ mediated cascade in pancreatic acinar cells?
GRP, ACh
how does CCK affect the pancreas?
CCK binds parasympathetic nerve which release ACh, ACh promotes Ca IP3/DAG cascade
