gi development Flashcards
what is the most common congenital condition of the GI
Meckel’s diverticulum
The ventral mesentary id derived from the
septum transversum
spleen is formed by
mesoderm and forms in the dorsal mesentery
The falciform ligament and lesser omentum are coposed of the
hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments derived from the ventral mesentery
gastrosplenic and lienorenal ligaments derived from
dorsal mesentery
gallbladder develops from what bud?
liver bud
midgut rotates —-degrees after herniating outside abdominal cavity
90 degrees
urorectal septum divides the cloaca into
urogenital sinus and anorectal canal
The midgut rotates counterclockwise how much initiating return to the abdominal cavity?
270 degrees
the dorsal mesogastrium forms the
greater omentum
the transverse mesocolon and two folds of the _____ fuse
greater omentum, as neonate
hindgut stays connected to the ______
allantois
midgut has a ________ mesentery
dorsal
midgut doesn’t have a ventral mesentery but the _____gut does
foregut, with liver within it
The lesser omentum part of the
ventral mesentery
Foregut endoderm proliferates to form the ventral bud for
liver
gall bladder
pancreas
Ventral mesentery forms the
falciform ligament and lesser omentum
How does the ventral pancreas meet the dorsal pancreas?
the gut tube undergoes a little bit of apoptosis and the ventral pancreas moves posteriorly to join the dorsal pancreas
Annular pancreas
poor feeding, vomiting,
defect in ventral pancreas
Polyhydramnios is risk
can restrict the 2nd duodenum
Annular pancreas associated with what on CT also what conditions?
Double bubble sign
Down’s and pancreatitis
what fibrous adult structure contains the obliterated umbilical vein?
Ligamentum teres hepatis
Stomach is foregut so it has what mesenteries?
ventral and dorsal
stomach rotates _____degree, resulting in the left vagus anterior and the right vagus posterior
90 degrees clockwise
the posterior portion of the stomach forms the
greater curvature of the stomach
ventral mesentery forms the _____omentum
lesser
male, 2-6 weeks of life
non-bilious projectile vomit
signs of dehydration and malnutrition
olive palpated
dx and tx?
pyloric stenosis
(atropine)
anti-cholinergic to relax the pyloric muscle
When the gut rotates, what happens to the second, third, and fourth portions of the pancreas?
they become secondarily retroperitoneal
8% down syndrome
early vomiting w/wo bile
Imaging: gas in stomach and 1st portion of the duodenum (double bubble sign)
polyhydramnios a risk factor
dx and associated risks?
Duodenal atresia or stenoses
heart defects
esophageal atresia
malrotation
anorectal anomalies
cephalic limb and caudal limb that lead up to the vitelline duct rotate:
90 degrees counterclockise
Why is there an additional 180 degree counterclockwise rotation of the midgut?
i dn’t know but total of 270 degree rotation
Omphalocele
midgut doesn’t return to the peritoneal cavity, sits within the umbilical cord
Omphalocele associated conditions
cardiac anomalies
neural tube defects
Gastroschisis is a failure of the _________, maternal risks, and associated onciditons
abdominal wall
mother who smokes, drinks
10% intestinal atresia
risk of volvulus
malrotation occurence
1/500
Meckel’s diverticulum attaches to the _______ and risk of _____
umbilicus
intussesception
was where the vitelline duct attached to the ileum
Vitelline fistula would present with
fecal material out the umbilicus
Meckel diverticulum 2rule of 2
2 inches long
2 feet proximal to the ileocecal junction
2% population
2 types of ectopic tissue (gastric and pancreatic)
2 symptoms: abdominal pain, blood in the stool
before age of 2
2x more frequent in boys
2 types of ectopic tissue in meckel’s diversituclum?
gastric and pancreatic
Hirschsprung Disease is a failure of what cells’ failure to migrate around the developing intestines
neural crest cells
abdominal distension and constipation before first birthday dx
Hirschsprung
what is the histology of the anal canal above the pectinate line and where is it derived from?
columnar, hindgut endoderm
below: strat squam
Where does blood drain into from the area above the dentate line?
the portal venous system
What type of hemorrhoids would someone with portal htn get?
internal
Imperforate anus doesn’t connect to the
rectum
urachus was the
fetal bladder
direct hernias go medial to
medial to the inferior epigatric vessels
older men
indirect hernias are lateral to the _______ and result with a patent ductus______. Can create a lateral _______Sign
inferior epigastric vessels
ductus vaginalis
lateral crescent sign
what nerve passes through the superficial ring of the inguinal canal
ilioinguinal nerve
T10 nerves go to
Umbilical
T11 nerves
Upper hypogastric
Ilioinguinal nerves and Iliohypogastric
L1
Mcburney incision can hit what vessels?
inferior epigastric
Meckel’s diverticulum can also mimic what conditon
appendicitis
what’s in the periotoneal cavity?
fluid, no organs. just space
What is the most depenent spot for fluid accumultation when laying down
Hepatorenal pouc
most dependnet spot for woman
rectouterine pouchzzz
how do yo access the omental bursa (the lesser sac that is inferior behind the stomach and sealed off by greater omentum?
foramen of winslow
what intercostal space does the fundus reach?
5th
common hiatal hernia
sliding, cardia up into LE
