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gi development Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common congenital condition of the GI

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

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2
Q

The ventral mesentary id derived from the

A

septum transversum

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3
Q

spleen is formed by

A

mesoderm and forms in the dorsal mesentery

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4
Q

The falciform ligament and lesser omentum are coposed of the

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments derived from the ventral mesentery

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5
Q

gastrosplenic and lienorenal ligaments derived from

A

dorsal mesentery

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6
Q

gallbladder develops from what bud?

A

liver bud

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7
Q

midgut rotates —-degrees after herniating outside abdominal cavity

A

90 degrees

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8
Q

urorectal septum divides the cloaca into

A

urogenital sinus and anorectal canal

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9
Q

The midgut rotates counterclockwise how much initiating return to the abdominal cavity?

A

270 degrees

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10
Q

the dorsal mesogastrium forms the

A

greater omentum

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11
Q

the transverse mesocolon and two folds of the _____ fuse

A

greater omentum, as neonate

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12
Q

hindgut stays connected to the ______

A

allantois

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13
Q

midgut has a ________ mesentery

A

dorsal

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14
Q

midgut doesn’t have a ventral mesentery but the _____gut does

A

foregut, with liver within it

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15
Q

The lesser omentum part of the

A

ventral mesentery

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16
Q

Foregut endoderm proliferates to form the ventral bud for

A

liver

gall bladder

pancreas

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17
Q

Ventral mesentery forms the

A

falciform ligament and lesser omentum

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18
Q

How does the ventral pancreas meet the dorsal pancreas?

A

the gut tube undergoes a little bit of apoptosis and the ventral pancreas moves posteriorly to join the dorsal pancreas

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19
Q

Annular pancreas

A

poor feeding, vomiting,

defect in ventral pancreas

Polyhydramnios is risk

can restrict the 2nd duodenum

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20
Q

Annular pancreas associated with what on CT also what conditions?

A

Double bubble sign

Down’s and pancreatitis

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21
Q

what fibrous adult structure contains the obliterated umbilical vein?

A

Ligamentum teres hepatis

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22
Q

Stomach is foregut so it has what mesenteries?

A

ventral and dorsal

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23
Q

stomach rotates _____degree, resulting in the left vagus anterior and the right vagus posterior

A

90 degrees clockwise

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24
Q

the posterior portion of the stomach forms the

A

greater curvature of the stomach

25
Q

ventral mesentery forms the _____omentum

A

lesser

26
Q

male, 2-6 weeks of life

non-bilious projectile vomit

signs of dehydration and malnutrition

olive palpated

dx and tx?

A

pyloric stenosis

(atropine)

anti-cholinergic to relax the pyloric muscle

27
Q

When the gut rotates, what happens to the second, third, and fourth portions of the pancreas?

A

they become secondarily retroperitoneal

28
Q

8% down syndrome

early vomiting w/wo bile

Imaging: gas in stomach and 1st portion of the duodenum (double bubble sign)

polyhydramnios a risk factor

dx and associated risks?

A

Duodenal atresia or stenoses

heart defects

esophageal atresia

malrotation

anorectal anomalies

29
Q

cephalic limb and caudal limb that lead up to the vitelline duct rotate:

A

90 degrees counterclockise

30
Q

Why is there an additional 180 degree counterclockwise rotation of the midgut?

A

i dn’t know but total of 270 degree rotation

31
Q

Omphalocele

A

midgut doesn’t return to the peritoneal cavity, sits within the umbilical cord

32
Q

Omphalocele associated conditions

A

cardiac anomalies

neural tube defects

33
Q

Gastroschisis is a failure of the _________, maternal risks, and associated onciditons

A

abdominal wall

mother who smokes, drinks

10% intestinal atresia

risk of volvulus

34
Q

malrotation occurence

A

1/500

35
Q

Meckel’s diverticulum attaches to the _______ and risk of _____

A

umbilicus

intussesception

was where the vitelline duct attached to the ileum

36
Q

Vitelline fistula would present with

A

fecal material out the umbilicus

37
Q

Meckel diverticulum 2rule of 2

A

2 inches long

2 feet proximal to the ileocecal junction

2% population

2 types of ectopic tissue (gastric and pancreatic)

2 symptoms: abdominal pain, blood in the stool

before age of 2

2x more frequent in boys

38
Q

2 types of ectopic tissue in meckel’s diversituclum?

A

gastric and pancreatic

39
Q

Hirschsprung Disease is a failure of what cells’ failure to migrate around the developing intestines

A

neural crest cells

40
Q

abdominal distension and constipation before first birthday dx

A

Hirschsprung

41
Q

what is the histology of the anal canal above the pectinate line and where is it derived from?

A

columnar, hindgut endoderm

below: strat squam

42
Q

Where does blood drain into from the area above the dentate line?

A

the portal venous system

43
Q

What type of hemorrhoids would someone with portal htn get?

A

internal

44
Q

Imperforate anus doesn’t connect to the

A

rectum

45
Q

urachus was the

A

fetal bladder

46
Q

direct hernias go medial to

A

medial to the inferior epigatric vessels

older men

47
Q

indirect hernias are lateral to the _______ and result with a patent ductus______. Can create a lateral _______Sign

A

inferior epigastric vessels

ductus vaginalis

lateral crescent sign

48
Q

what nerve passes through the superficial ring of the inguinal canal

A

ilioinguinal nerve

49
Q

T10 nerves go to

A

Umbilical

50
Q

T11 nerves

A

Upper hypogastric

51
Q

Ilioinguinal nerves and Iliohypogastric

A

L1

52
Q

Mcburney incision can hit what vessels?

A

inferior epigastric

53
Q

Meckel’s diverticulum can also mimic what conditon

A

appendicitis

54
Q

what’s in the periotoneal cavity?

A

fluid, no organs. just space

55
Q

What is the most depenent spot for fluid accumultation when laying down

A

Hepatorenal pouc

56
Q

most dependnet spot for woman

A

rectouterine pouchzzz

57
Q

how do yo access the omental bursa (the lesser sac that is inferior behind the stomach and sealed off by greater omentum?

A

foramen of winslow

58
Q

what intercostal space does the fundus reach?

A

5th

59
Q

common hiatal hernia

A

sliding, cardia up into LE

GIN (11 decks)

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