Protection Flashcards
function of the sebaceous glands
Protects against water loss. Located in the dermis
difference between eccrine glands and apocrine glands
- eccrine glands secret sweat that cools body down and acts as an antibacterial
- apocrine glands secret sweat that produces odour and doesn’t develop until puberty
structure of the epidermis
composed of epithelial tissue made of cells packed together tightly. 5 layers, bottom layer resting on a protein base
function of the epidermis
protect the skin acting as a barrier
structure of the dermis
2 layers, papillary and reticular. consisting of connective tissue. the dermis also blood vessels, muscle fibres sweat and sebaceous glands.
function of the dermis
provides a storage area for water and electrolytes
structure of connective tissue in the dermis
connective tissue derives from a cell called mesoderm which contains a extracellular substance. the extra cellular sub consists of 2 substances. one being water, and protein. second sub is fibres which comes from a special cell called fibroblasts.
function of the lymphatic system
house and supports the cells in the immune system. filter and return lymph to the blood. absorbs fats and vitamins from the intestines and send them to the blood
list 4 locations that lymph node cluster in the body
- ingunal
- axillary
- spleen
- cervical
structure of hair follicle
inner epidermal sheath forms the hair, outer dermal sheath supplies blood vessels. Consists of smooth muscle cells.
function of hair in ur nose, brows and lashes
protects against invaision of organisms
function of lymph nodes
filter out cancerous and foreign pathogens and assist immune cells
Phases involved in inflammation
proliferative phase and maturation phase
why do the lymph nodes swell
large numbers of pathogens cause the lymph nodes to swell
cells in the immune that move through the lymph system
granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes these cells help protect body from infection. granulocytes aid the body in inflammation.
explain sebaceous glands
located in dermis and it protects against water loss
function of arrector pili
contraction of the muscle pulling the hair follicles upwards
function of spleen
using red and white pulp to screen for antigens and remove these from the blood
what is the thymus
development of t lymphocytes which leave the thymus via blood
‘what do tonsils do
tonsils trap and remove pathogens
what are peyers patches
mucosa and submucosa in small intestine destroys and prevents antigens from entering the blood
what does paracetamol do
used to prevent and reduce fever
what are prostaglandins
produce histamine which strengthens the blood cells this causes redness
what can an overdose of paracetamol include
acute liver failure nausea and vomiting
what is pallor and what causes
pale skin being unwell
what is erythema and causes
redness, infection nutrition
what is cyanosis and causes
bluish lack of oxygen
what is jaundice and causes
yellowish billi reubin levels
atleast 6 changes to the skin caused by aging
- epidermis layer thins
- epi and dermis layer are futher apart
- absorbtion decreases
- uv radiation increases
- proteins arent absorbed as coherently
- elastin decreases
Macule
measles
papule
wart
patch
birthmark
plaque
eczma
wheal
insect bite
nodule
melanoma
tumour
abnormal growth
vesicle
chicken pox
bulla
blister
pustule
acne (pus fillied)
how does decreased sensory input increase pressure injuries
cant feel pressure and/or when in pain
how does decreased motor function increase pressure injuries
not having the ability to move/ change position
how does shearing force increase pressure injuries
skin rubbing causing friction (developing pressure)
how does cachexia increase pressure injuries
loss of weight (malnutrition) bony province
what is a topical application
cream
steps involved in inflammation
- vasodialation (increased blood flow to wound)
- whte blood cells, neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes get to the wound and clear up infection
- neutrophils begin clean up
- ## neutrophils also attract endothelial cells which play a role in tissue formation
