Prosthodontics (including DM) Flashcards

1
Q

Major connector

A

 Definition: connects parts of the prosthesis located on one side of the arch with those on the opposite side
 Example lingual bar

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2
Q

Minor connector

A

Minor connectors are those components that serve as the connecting link between the major connector or the base of a removable partial denture and the other components of the prosthesis, such as the clasp etc.

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3
Q

K class?

A

Class I Bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the natural teeth. Front

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4
Q

K class?

A

Class II A unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. Side

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5
Q

K class?

A

Class III A unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth remaining both anterior and posterior to it. Kinda side

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6
Q

K class?

A

Class IV A single, but bilateral (crossing the midline), edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natural teeth. Back

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7
Q

Clasps must be

A

o Passive when seated (no orthodontic appliance type movements)
o Be able to flex (so the denture can be removed)
o Terminal 1/3 must be below the survey line
o Needs a opposing reciprocal component

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8
Q

Undercut engage: CoCr clasps

A

0.25mm

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9
Q

Undercut engage: SS clasps

A

0.5mm

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10
Q

Undercut engage: gold clasps

A

0.75mm

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11
Q

RPI system

A

 To reduce the strength of the abutment tooth when the denture is loaded
o R – mesial Rest (changes fulcrum location)
o P – distal guiding Plate
o I – I shaped retentitve clasp (occlusal forces allow disengagement of clasp terminus)

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12
Q

Clasp assembly

A

o Retentative arm – below survey line so to engage the abutment
o Reciprocal arm – above or on the survey line
o Rest
o Minor connector

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13
Q

Disinfection of dentures

A

o 2 minutes in 10,000ppm (1%) sodium hypochlorite or sodium dichloroisocyanurate (Actichlor)

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14
Q

Support definition

A

Resistance to vertical load (occlusal forces during function) directed through denture to underlying mucosa.

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15
Q

Function of rests

A

Aim to apply forces vertically to the tooth (Rest seat - this needs prep (keeping to the enamel)

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16
Q

Tissue conditioners

A

Allows more equal distribution of load and assumption of more normal mucosal position (this is a temporarily placed material).

o They are commonly used in the situation that the tissues have trauma (maybe from an ill fitting denture), the dentist wishes for the tissues to recover during this time (ideally for the patient to not wear their denture – not popular) and so a compromise is to place this soft tissue conditioner to allow the soft tissues to recover.

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17
Q

Permanent resilient lining (soft lining)

A

o Ideally 2-3mm thick.
o Like tissue conditioners but these are permanent and are for patients who cannot tolerate a hard base, helpful to avoid pain from nerves.
o Elastic: cushioning effect
o Permanently soft: durable property overtime.

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18
Q

Permanent resilient lining (soft lining) - acrylic cold

A

temporary soft liner, done at chairside (softest of all four) – harden quickly due to leaching of alcohol and plasticiser to the saliva.

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19
Q

Permanent resilient lining (soft lining) - acrylic hot

A

lab processed, softness due to higher methacrylate and plasticizer (alcohol and plasticizer also leach into the saliva).

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20
Q

Permanent resilient lining (soft lining) - silicone

A

 Water absorption of these materials puts them at risk of bacterial/fungal growth (candida albicans).
 Heat cure
 Cold cure: solidify at room temp, still are lab processed. Bond of this material to the PMMA plate is weak (often peels away).

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21
Q

Acrylic teeth

A

 Attachment
* Chemical bonding of plate with the teeth.
 Physical properties
* Suffer from abrasion
* Occlusal adjustment in the lab/chairside is much easier compared with porcelain.
* High cross-linking of the resins makes them resistant to crazing.

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22
Q

Porcelain teeth

A

 Attachment
* mechanically to the denture base.
 Aesthetics
* Slightly more translucent
* Depth of colour achievement
 Sound
* Make a “clicking” when contacting
 Physical properties
* Brittle – can fracture and chip.
 Clinical application
* Not for patients with atrophic ridges as they transmit greater force through these soft tissues.

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23
Q

Paraffin wax properties

A

o Paraffin wax (mineral)
 From petroleum residues following distillation.
 Brittle at room temp.
 Softens: 37-55 degrees
 Melts: 48-70 degrees

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24
Q

Addition of microcrystalline to paraffin wax?

A
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25
Q

Addition of beeswax to paraffin wax?

A
26
Q

Clasps and survey lines: diagonal survey line

A

Occlusally approaching clasp

27
Q

Clasps and survey lines: High survey line

A

Gingivally approaching T-roach clasp

28
Q

Clasps and survey lines: low survey line

A

I bar clasp

29
Q

The lingual bar

A

A minimum of 7mm space from the sulcus depth to the gingival margin is required to prescribe a lingual bar.
This allows 3 ½ mm bar width and 3 ½ mm clearance from the gingival margin for patient comfort and hygiene.
Covers less gingival margins than the cobalt chrome plate and
may also be used when there is spacing between anterior teeth so the connector is not visible through the tooth spaces.

30
Q

The dental bar

A

The dental bar requires a minimum total crown height of 9mm for this connector to be used.
Bar width of 5mm and 2mm clearance from gingival margin and 2 mm clearance from the incisal tip of the tooth as shown.

PROVIDES BRACING.

30
Q

Why are CoCr dentures favourable?

A

The cobalt chrome designs are thinner in section than the PMMA and can free up the gingival margins so are more hygenic and comfortable for the patient

31
Q

Mid palatal bar requirements

A
32
Q

Tooth-borne support gained through use of…

A

Occlusal rests
onlays
connectors
overdenture abutments

33
Q

Mucosa-borne support is achieved through…

A

Saddles/connectors

34
Q

Support type: bounded saddles

A

tooth support possible

35
Q

Support type: free-end saddles

A

tooth/mucosa borne at best

36
Q

Support type: large saddles

A

mucosa borne

37
Q

Possible functions: saddles

A

retention
support
bracing

38
Q

Possible functions: connector

A

support
indirect retention
bracing

39
Q

Possible functions: clasp

A

retention
support
bracing

40
Q

Possible functions: rests

A

support
indirect retention

41
Q

Hook type

A

Embrasure hooks

42
Q

Indirect retention: definition

A

Prevention of displacement of saddle away from the ridge by extension of the denture. Provides “remote” retention.

43
Q

What is this?

A

Swing lock denture for a kennedy class I

44
Q

Definition: bracing

A

Providing resistance to lateral/horizontal forces on the denture

45
Q

Why is the RPI system advantageous?

A
  1. Undue stress is not placed on the abutment tooth.
  2. The load is spread to the tissues more evenly.
46
Q

Definition: direct retention

A

Resistance of a denture to vertical movement away from the tissues (an undercut) when a displacing force is applied.

47
Q

Primary stress bearer for the maxillary arch

A

crest of alveolar ridge and the horizontal plate of palatine bone

48
Q

Primary stress bearing area for the mandibular arch

A

the buccal shelf area.

49
Q

Definition: stability

A

The resistance of a denture to displacement by functional forces

50
Q

ICP or RCP: occlusion is stable with sufficient index teeth

A

ICP - avoid changing the occlusion with the prosthesis

51
Q

ICP or RCP: occlusion is unstable with insufficient index teeth.

A

Occlusion measured using FWS

RCP if ICP is not reproducible

52
Q

Denture hygiene: mechanical

A

Soap and soft brush
Microwave
Ultrasonic

53
Q

Denture hygiene chemicals: Alkaline peroxides

A

“light-duty” cleaner
Active ingredient: sodium perborate
NOT for soft linings

54
Q

Denture hygiene chemicals: alkaline hypochlorites

A

Anti-microbial
Possibly corrosive for metals
Short soak (10mins) - if metal

55
Q

Denture hygiene chemicals: acids

A

NO LONGER USED!

56
Q

Denture hygiene chemicals: enzymes

A

expensive choice

57
Q

When should you be rinsing the denture?

A

After every meal

58
Q

Can you sleep with the denture in?

A

Remove denture at night!

59
Q

First stage of cleaning for denture

A

SOFT brush with soap and water

NOT TOOTH PASTE

60
Q

Denture hygiene: Chemical cleaners should be used with ____ water.

A

COLD

61
Q

Overnight, what should I do with my denture?

A

Leave it in COLD water.