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Part II > Prosthodontics > Flashcards

Prosthodontics Flashcards

1
Q

……… is the material most acceptable by soft tissue in FDP

A

glazed porcelain (better than gold)

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2
Q

Type IV gold specific gravity is ……. than base metal

A

higher

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3
Q

Relief of lingual bar should be ………

A

32 gauge wax when there is undercut only* It should be highly polished to prevent trauma to alveolar mucosa* It is pear shaped, with the tip superiorly and thick portion inferiorly

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4
Q

Teeth tipped more than ……… are not suitable as abutments

A

24 degrees

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5
Q

Cements properties:1. Lowest solubility ……2. Highest expansion …….3. Highest microleakage …….4. Very good strength ……

A
  1. resin modified GI cement (the highest is ZPC)2. resin modified GI cement (breaks full ceramic crowns, aka compomer cement)3. ZPC4. GI cement (better than ZPC & polycarboxylate). Has initial low pH
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6
Q

Nickle is added to an alloy to ……..

A

increase ductability

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7
Q

Patients with delayed healing are indicated for electrosurgery. T/F??

A

false

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8
Q

Ceramics are three types ?

A
  1. Mainly glass: high esthetic2. Particle filled glass3. Crystalline: no glass, only highly packed crystals (high strength)
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9
Q

The advantage of base metals over type IV gold are mainly …… & …….

A

high strength low density (low specific gravity)

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10
Q

Modifiers in gypsum are accelerators and retarders. List ?

A
  1. accelerators: gypsum, NaCl2. Retarders: borax, sodium citrate
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11
Q

Stone is produce by ……., while die stone by …….

A

heating gypsum to 150 C under steam pressureboiling gypsum in 30% calcium chloride & magnesium chloride

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12
Q

Which impression material releases hydrogen gas upon contact with moisture, causing voids if poured too soon?

A

Polyvinyl siloxane (addition silicone)

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13
Q

Which impression material has the highest dimensional stability? And which one has the highest wettability?

A

addition silicon (more than polyether)Hydrocolloids

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14
Q

Critical areas while taking alginate impression include ……

A

buccal of max tuberosityretromylohyoid space

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15
Q

What are the properties of polysulfide impression material????

A
  1. the catalyst is lead dioxide, responsible for black color2. produces water when setting. Wait 10 mins, then pour (should be withing 1 hour due to dimensional instability)* Need custom tray* It is exothermic, and set accelerates when contacting humidity
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16
Q

Polymerization of heat cure resin is at ….. C

A

77 degrees (above that may cause voids)

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17
Q

Diabetes is not associated with ……….

A

mucosal bleeding* Avoid porcelain teeth in diabetics

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18
Q

Christensen’s phenomenon is ……..

A

separation of posterior teeth during anterior movement of the mandible* Depends on incisal guidance & horizontal condylar guidance (increase in both of these will increase separation)

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19
Q

The borders of the occlusal plane are …….

A

the position of anterior teeth anteriorly, and 2/3 of the height of retromolar pads

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20
Q

What are the determinants and function of the compensating curve?

A

Determinants are: cusp inclination, occlusal plane inclination, and condylar inclinationFunction: achieve balancing occlusion* Note: anterior guidance should be avoided in Complete dentures

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21
Q

The purpose of recording protrusive relation is to ….

A

register the condylar path

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22
Q

Group function occlusion is also called ………

A

unilateral balanced occlusion

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23
Q

Morphology of posterior teeth is affected by ……..

A
  1. Anterior guidance (vertical and horizontal overlap. Also called anterior coupling)2. Condylar inclination (the steeper, the longer the cusps)
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24
Q

What side is …..Bennet movement? Bennet angle?

A

working side (aka. lateral shift)non working side (angle with the sagittal plane)

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25
Q

A prerequisite for use of functionally generated pathway (functional index) is ……

A

retoration of a single tooth in optimal occlusion* Note: all movement of the mandible for this method should be from ECCentric to a centric position, never the reverse

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26
Q

Porcelain rusts at ……..

A

very high temp (2000 F)

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27
Q

Most porcelain failure is due to ……….

A

built in stress with in the porcelain itself, leads to cracks

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28
Q

Vital appearance of teeth is mainly contributed by …..

A

fluorescence

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29
Q

What are the types of porcelain based on fusion temp??

A
  1. low fusion: for metal ceramic crowns. least abrasive to opposing dentition due to finer leucite crystals. Alumina is added to prevent slumping down of porcelain in PFM crowns2. med fusion: for full jacket crowns3. high fusion: for denture teeth* note: alumina is stronger than quartz
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30
Q

Sintering is ……..

A

changing the porcelain from powder to solid* Powder is not melted* Porcelain will become more dense

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31
Q

Precision attachments shouldn’t be used with distal extension cases because ………

A

it will cause torquing of the abutments* Primarily used with all tooth borne dentures* full cast crown is required for the abutment

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32
Q

Degassing is necessary for ………

A

all gold-porcelain restorations * Necessary for bonding of porcelain due to formation of oxides on the gold surface* Needs to be due with high temp & in small time to reduce the formation of bubbles on the surface* Aka heat treatment

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33
Q

It is possible to do a cantilever of one tooth FDP if …..

A

at least two sound teeth are present anterior to the space

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34
Q

To decrease retentiveness of Cr-Co clasp, we can ….

A
  1. design it to engage less undercutor 2. use a gold clasp to engage the same undercut* Gold clasp offers half the retention of Cr-Co* Proportional limit of Cr-Co is low (due to large grain size). As a result, risk of fracture increase as the bulk decrease
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35
Q

The reciprocal arm must contact the abutment at ……

A

opposite to the retentive arm, as the retentive tip passes over the height of contour

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36
Q

Proximal plates should extend ………. buccolingually

A

1/3 (or 2/3 intercuspal distance on the abutment)* Height is 2/3 of the enamel crown of abutment

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37
Q

Stability of denture is derived from …….

A

relationship of denture base to bone* Support is derived from occlusal rests and edentulous ridge

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38
Q

Disclosing wax adapted to denture border is useful for …….

A

mark the overextended denture borders* The patient must apply vigorous muscle function

39
Q

………. is the most important property of denture to provide proper function and patient comfort

A

stability

40
Q

Altered cast technique is ……..

A

the use of the framework with an impression tray attached to take accurate impression of the mucosa under controlled pressure* Objective: accurately relate the soft tissue surface of denture base to metal framework

41
Q

The simplest stress breaker is ……..

A

retentive clasp

42
Q

The first step performed while surveying a cast is ……..

A

establishing the guiding planes

43
Q

What are the dimensions of the rest?

A

as long as it’s wide (2.5 mm), bulk is 1.5 mm at the marginal ridge* The edges of triange should be rounded to permit functional movements* “Positive rest” has an acute angle with the minor connector

44
Q

Mesiodistal width available for posterior teeth is measured from ……..

A

the distal of canine to the upward slope of the riidge

45
Q

A shorter clasp will require the use of …….

A

finer gauge wire to provide flexibility* Thicker, or wider clasps will reduce flexibility * Round cross section clasp is flexible in all direction, while half round is only flexible when the force is perpendicular to the flat surface

46
Q

Yield strength ……… by increasing temperature

A

drastically decreased

47
Q

Strain hardening is ……

A

hardening (deformation) of metal at room temperature* The ultimate result of work (strain) hardening is fracture (ex. bending a wire back & forth)
* NOTE: surface hardness, strength, and proportional limit all increased with strain hardening, however, ductility & corrosion resistance decrease

48
Q

Gelation is ……

A

the conversion from gel to sol (solidification) by decreasing temperature

49
Q

The purpose of annealing is …..

A

increase ductility and strength

50
Q

Ovate pontic is designed to ……..

A

set in a concavity in the ridge

51
Q

Diekeen refers to ……

A

high expansion, type V gypsum

52
Q

Casts can be disinfected using ……

A

NaOCl

53
Q

Before pouring ……, wait for 20 to 30 mins for stress relaxation to occur

A

condensation silicone

* it is hydrophobic

54
Q

The filler in alginate is …….

A

dimataceous earth

55
Q

You can delay pouring for up to one week with ……..

A

polyvineyl siloxane (addition silicone)

56
Q

For patients with bad oral hygiene , onlays are …….

A

contraindicated

* do a full crown instead

57
Q

Collagenase is blocked by the action of the antibiotic ……

A

tetracycline

58
Q

Actinomyces viscosus is strongly associated with ……

A

gingivitis

* No clear role in periodontitis

59
Q

Post length should be ……..

A

2/3 of the root length, or fill all but the apical 4 mm

* Note: post diameter should not be more than 1/3 the root’s

60
Q

Focal osteoporotic defect is usually associated with ……

A

areas of previous exo.

* well circumscribed lesions within the alveolar bone

61
Q

K-flex is different than regular file in that …….

A

K-flex has no cutting tip
* Note: Files and reamers have a triangular or diamond cross section, and it is twisted counterclockwise. NiTi files are ground, not twisted

62
Q

Safest intracoronal bleachig chemical is …..

A

Sodium perborate

63
Q

ZOE is a good temp restoration because ….

A

it provides a good seal

64
Q

Initial orientation of the bur when establishing the outline form is …

A

parallel to the long axis of the crown (not the tooth), especially for Mand. molars

65
Q

In Class II prep on root surface (proximal box), the axial depth of the axio-gingival line angle is ……

A
  1. 8 mm

* No need for deeper, because there’s no risk of undermining enamel

66
Q

Retention for large composite Class III or IV is placed …….

A

0.2 mm inside the DEJ (deeper may cause exposure)

67
Q

Half life of mercury in the body is ……

A

55 days

68
Q

Slot depth is ….

A

1 mm

  • prepped with an inverted cone
  • Note: slots and pins provide the same amount of retention
69
Q

Major cause of loss of osseointegration is similar to ……

A

that of natural teeth (poor hygiene, occlusal load etc…)

70
Q

Distraction osteogenesis is preferred when …..

A

large movement is needed

71
Q

pKa for lidocaine is …..

A

7.9

72
Q

Needle depth in PSA block is ……..

A

16 mm

* Note: ASA block requires half cartridge

73
Q

LA packaged without epi usually causes less vasodialtion, an example is …..

A

mepivacaine

74
Q

Hydrophobocity and protein binding of LA affects ….

A

duration and potency (Bupi is highly hydrophobic)

  • Note: pKa affects onset. Low pKa ===> fast onset
  • Note: because articaine is mixed, it has shorter half life than pure amides
75
Q

R.E.E is the origin of …….. cyst

A

dentigerous

76
Q

Dermoid cyst occurs in ……

A

midline floor or the mouth (when above the myelohyoid), and in the neck (when below the myelohyoid)

77
Q

Mean age of ameloblastoma is …..

A

40 years

78
Q

Bremsstrahlung radiation results from

A

Electrons interacting with nuclei

79
Q

The smaller the size of the focal spot, the greater ……

A

the resolution

* everything else is unaffected

80
Q

If a radiograph is dark, reduce ….

A

the exposure time

* Note: don’t change the developer parameters if they’re correct

81
Q

A tipping bend is ……, while a torquing bend is ……

A
  • used to correct mesiodistal angulation (called second order)
  • used to correct labiolingual angulation (called third order)
  • Note: in-out bend is to rotate the tooth (called first order)
82
Q

Reverse pull headgear may worsen …..

A 
class II skeletal cases (due to pressure on chin)
* Note for ortho questions: "Adolescent" patients can't wear headgear!
83
Q

The least stable surgical movement of the Maxilla is …..

A

inferior movement

84
Q

All anterior perm. teeth begin calcification during ….., except …….

A

6 month

Max. lateral incisor (starts at 1 year of age)

85
Q

Moderately mentally challenged patient can be treated with …….

A

TSD method

86
Q

The Mand. foramen in primary dentition is located …… than plane of occlusion

A

lower

87
Q

MAC for nitrous oxide is ……

A

105 %

* It is the conc. required to produce immobility in 50% of patients

88
Q

…. is needed for gold PFM bonding, while …… is needed for all other PFM types

A

Fe

Cr

89
Q

Porcelain is overcontoured before firing to ……

A

reduce the shrinkage after firing

90
Q

The objective of degassing is ………

A

remove impurities, and formation of oxides on the metal

* Must be done fast with high temp to reduce formation of bubbles

91
Q

To reduce the slumping down of porcelain before firing, we add

A

aluminum oxide

92
Q

The least rigid Max. major connector is ……, while the most commonly used is …….

A

horseshoe

ant-post palatal strap (6-8 mm)

93
Q

Quenching a gold alloy from 1300F in water will make …..

A

a solid solution in a softened condition

94
Q

Porcelain strength comes from ……

A

quartz

* feldspar reduces fusion temp., kaolin is a binder

Part II (6 decks)

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