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Part II > Misc 2 > Flashcards

Misc 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior Reinforcement increases ……

A

the likelihood of behavior (desireable or not)

* By ignoring a behavior (eg. child crying), we extinguish the undesired behavior

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2
Q

Ketamine is ……

A

used as a general anesthsia

* Note: for non combative fearful child, use hydroxyzine instead of ketamine

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3
Q

Furcation involvemnet of primary molars is best treated by ……

A

exo with space maintainer

* due to poor prognosis. However pulpectomy is always an option if there’s no resorption (external or internal)

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4
Q

An MOD cavity on primary molar is treated with ….

A

stainless steel crown (instead of MOD amalgam)

  • SS crown is more cost effective
  • Sidenote: mesiodens are counted as super numrary teeth, so look for them in the radiograph
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5
Q

Variance is simply a …….

A

square of standard deviation

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6
Q

There are three types of epidemiological studies, ……

A

descriptive, analytical, and experimental

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7
Q

The type of questioning that should be avoided with patient is leading type, an example is …….

A

you are not afraid of needles, are you?

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8
Q

To increase patient compliance, the most effective method is combining ……. & ……..

A

patient education & behavior management

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9
Q

Detailed information about the study design in an article can be found in …….. section

A

methods

* The reader can verify the validity and reliability of the study and should be able to replicate the results

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10
Q

dentists are ethically bound to guarantee patients:

A

The appropriate standard of care

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11
Q

If a practice is regulated by a federal law and you break it, it is a form of …..

A

ethical issue

* if it is not regulated, it is a “dilemma”

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12
Q

80% of dental caries is borne by …. of persons younger than 19 years

A

25%
* Note: Approximately 87% of adults aged 20 to 39
years have coronal decay

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13
Q

Moderate periodontal disease is defined as ….

A

two or more interproximal sites with 4mm or more CAL, OR, two or more interproximal with 5mm or more PPD
* Severe type: two or more with 6 mm or more CAL, AND, two or more 5mm or more PPD

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14
Q

Reverse 3/4 crown is mostly indicated for ………

A

mand. molars

* Note: if there’s a high caries risk, full crown is indicated

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15
Q

Biologic width comprises ……

A

junctional epi. and connective tissue attachment

* it is about 2 mm

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16
Q

Anticipatory guidance is ……

A

counseling provided to the parents regarding child’s home oral care

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17
Q

The majority of natal teeth are ………

A

primary teeth

* Don’t extract unless they’re mobile

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18
Q

LAP is most common in …..

A

african american children

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19
Q

Systemic desensitization is …….

A

the process of systematically paring a relaxation response with a hierarchy of feared stimuli
* exposure is the most important component here

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20
Q

Problems of patient not trusting the dentist can be solved by …….

A

Providing information while allowing the patient to take some control over the environment

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21
Q

In contrary to their behavior in the waiting room, anxious patients in the dental chair are …

A

quiet, hands clasped and minimal conversation

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22
Q

Patients experiencing anxiety/distress need …. interpersonal space

A

more

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23
Q

The bacteria that bridges early colonizers with the late is ………

A

Fusobacterium nucleatum

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24
Q

The most objective indicator of gingival inflammation is ……

A

bleeding on probing

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25
Q

To increase the width of the attached gingiva, we can do ……. or …….

A

free gingival graft, or apically positioned (full or partial) flap

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26
Q

Miller classification is used to measure

A

gingival recession

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27
Q

Periochip contains …….

A

Chlorhexidine

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28
Q

After gingivectomy, surface epithelializtion occurs in …. days

A

5 - 14 days

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29
Q

Nigro-straiatal pathway contain ……., and they’re affected by antipsychotics

A

dopamine neurons

* Note: atropine is usually given with antipsychotics, to reduce the parkinson’s like effects

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30
Q

Why Halothane causes arrhythmia?

A

it sensitizes the heart to epi. effect

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31
Q

Aspirin is ……… of COX

A

irreversible inhibitor

* All other NSAIDS are reversible

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32
Q

The longer Q-T interval (naturally or from drugs) exposes the patient to ……..

A

ventricular arrhythmia

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33
Q

Lisinopril inhibits the breakdown of …… in addition to its main action

A

bradykinin

34
Q

Insulin acts on ……. receptor, while prednisone acts on …….

A

ion channel receptor

nuclear receptor

35
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia is not sensitive to penicillin because …….

A

it lacks a cell wall

* Use clarithromycin

36
Q

Penicillin half life is …….

A

30 mins

* rapid excretion in urine. Very little is metabolized

37
Q

Most common reason for fracture of occlusal rest is …..

A

improper rest seat prep

38
Q

Compomer cement is another name for …….

A

resin modified GI cement

* Note: contraindicated for cementation of all ceramic crowns

39
Q

To duplicate the Mandibular border movement of the patient, we use …….

A

ARCON type articulator

40
Q

The guiding plane of RPD main function is ……

A

provide a path of insertion

* also, some retention

41
Q

Alginate impression can be disinfected with …….

A

gluteraldehyde or idophor

42
Q

The retarder in alginate is …….

A

sodium phosphate

* Once used up reacting with calcium sulfate, the real reaction with (potassium alginate) starts

43
Q

Stiffest impression material is …….

A 
poly ether (high modulus of elasticity)
* Note: longest working time is reversible hydrocolloid
44
Q

In cold cured resin reaction, first, the activator ……. in the monomer activates ……, which gives free radicals

A

(tertiary amine)
peroxide (the initiator)
* In heat cured type, the activator is heat

45
Q

The least reproducible occlusal record is ……

A

protrusive

46
Q

All primary teeth begin forming between …. weeks

and they begin to calcify at ……..

A

3-6 weeks in utero

3.5 to 4.5 month in utero (second trimester)

47
Q

The axial wall of the occlusolingual amalgam prep should be …..

A

in the dentin and parallel to the DEJ (to provide retention)

48
Q

Health belief model asserts that health behavior is motivated by ……..

A

understanding the disease seriousness and the consequences, and the benefits of carrying out the healthy behavior

49
Q

Retention in class V amalgam cavity is gained ……

A

in the axio-occlusal and the axio-gingival line angles at the expense of the occlusal and gingival walls (not the axial)

50
Q

For testing the difference between the means of two groups, we use ……

A

T test

* Note: the chi-square is good for testing whether two or more distributions differ

51
Q

Altered cast technique uses…….

A

the metal framework to hold a custom tray, to get an accurate relationship between the denture base and the framework prior to tooth arrangement, and to get maximum support for distal extension RPD

52
Q

The I Bar should be ……. from the gingival margin

A

2.5 mm

53
Q

The proximal guiding plane should be ….. the width between the cusps

A

2/3 (or 1/3 the buccolingual width)

* The height should be 2/3 of the enamel crown

54
Q

Work hardening increases ……… & decreases ……..

A

hardness, strength and proportional limit

  • decrease ductility and corrosion resistance
  • An example, is burnishing a margin
55
Q

To reinforce a child positive behavior, the response must be ………

A

specific to the behavior (general is less effective)

* example, I like it when you sit quietly in the chair

56
Q

Distraction osteogenesis is ……

A

fracturing the bone into two segments, and moving them away gradually
* Preferred over osteotomy when large movement is required

57
Q

Ectopic lymphoid tissue is usually found in ….

A

the floor of the mouth, and the lateral of the tongue

58
Q

All anterior teeth begin calcification at first 6 months of age except …..

A

Max. lateral incisor

59
Q

Well controlled diabetics have ….. periodontal disease prevalence as non diabetics

A

the same ratio

60
Q

Prilocaine causes methemoglobinemia because it is metabolised to …..

A

toluidine

61
Q

The distal extension base should extended …….. posteriorly

A

2/3 the length of edentulous ridge

62
Q

Syncope is characterized by the occurence of …..

A

a brief convulsion

63
Q

To manage a patient with an obstructed airway, we do …….

A

first, clear the pharynx, then extend the neck, protrude the mandible and tongue

64
Q

If you increase the length of the intermdiate chain of the L.A, you increase …….

A

potency

65
Q

Alveoloplasty after closed exo is done with ….

A

fingers

66
Q

If you bite on the left molar, the pressure in the right TMJ is ……

A

decrease

67
Q

The drug that causes most failures of contraceptives is …….

A

rifampin

68
Q

Casting shrinkage of Cr-Co is ……..

A

2.2%

69
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis occurs in …. age

A

1-5 years

70
Q

Before giving Fluoride supplement for a child, we should consider …….. & …………

A

fluoride content of water, and child’s age

71
Q

Opioid receptor agonist and antagonist affinity is determined by …. ion

A

sodium

72
Q

Meprobamate action is similar to ……

A

Benzos

* It is an anxiolytic

73
Q

The mainstay treatment for depression is ….

A

TCA

74
Q

Least effective topical is ……

A

procaine

75
Q

Slowest route of adminstration is …….

A

oral

76
Q

Most common benign peripheral nerve tumor is ….

A

neurofibroma

77
Q

MEN III differes from the two other types by ….

A

presence of mucocutaneous neuromas

* Note: check for carcinoma of thyroid

78
Q

Patients with cyclic neutropenia shows oral manifestation of …..

A

severe gingivitis

79
Q

AO on Max. second molar with 4 canals has ……. outline

A

triangular

80
Q

What is the difference between osteotomy and osteoctomy?

A

Osteotomy: removal of non tooth supporting bone
Osteoctomy: removal of tooth supporting bone

81
Q

Cyclosporine function is …….

A

prevent transplant rejection, by inhibiting T cell function

Part II (6 decks)

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