Misc 2

Question 1

Behavior Reinforcement increases ……

Answer 1

the likelihood of behavior (desireable or not)

* By ignoring a behavior (eg. child crying), we extinguish the undesired behavior

Question 2

Ketamine is ……

Answer 2

used as a general anesthsia

* Note: for non combative fearful child, use hydroxyzine instead of ketamine

Question 3

Furcation involvemnet of primary molars is best treated by ……

Answer 3

exo with space maintainer

* due to poor prognosis. However pulpectomy is always an option if there’s no resorption (external or internal)

Question 4

An MOD cavity on primary molar is treated with ….

Answer 4

stainless steel crown (instead of MOD amalgam)

• SS crown is more cost effective
• Sidenote: mesiodens are counted as super numrary teeth, so look for them in the radiograph

Question 5

Variance is simply a …….

Answer 5

square of standard deviation

Question 6

There are three types of epidemiological studies, ……

Answer 6

descriptive, analytical, and experimental

Question 7

The type of questioning that should be avoided with patient is leading type, an example is …….

Answer 7

you are not afraid of needles, are you?

Question 8

To increase patient compliance, the most effective method is combining ……. & ……..

Answer 8

patient education & behavior management

Question 9

Detailed information about the study design in an article can be found in …….. section

Answer 9

methods

* The reader can verify the validity and reliability of the study and should be able to replicate the results

Question 10

dentists are ethically bound to guarantee patients:

Answer 10

The appropriate standard of care

Question 11

If a practice is regulated by a federal law and you break it, it is a form of …..

Answer 11

ethical issue

* if it is not regulated, it is a “dilemma”

Question 12

80% of dental caries is borne by …. of persons younger than 19 years

Answer 12

25%
* Note: Approximately 87% of adults aged 20 to 39
years have coronal decay

Question 13

Moderate periodontal disease is defined as ….

Answer 13

two or more interproximal sites with 4mm or more CAL, OR, two or more interproximal with 5mm or more PPD
* Severe type: two or more with 6 mm or more CAL, AND, two or more 5mm or more PPD

Question 14

Reverse 3/4 crown is mostly indicated for ………

Answer 14

mand. molars

* Note: if there’s a high caries risk, full crown is indicated

Question 15

Biologic width comprises ……

Answer 15

junctional epi. and connective tissue attachment

* it is about 2 mm

Question 16

Anticipatory guidance is ……

Answer 16

counseling provided to the parents regarding child’s home oral care

Question 17

The majority of natal teeth are ………

Answer 17

primary teeth

* Don’t extract unless they’re mobile

Question 18

LAP is most common in …..

Answer 18

african american children

Question 19

Systemic desensitization is …….

Answer 19

the process of systematically paring a relaxation response with a hierarchy of feared stimuli
* exposure is the most important component here

Question 20

Problems of patient not trusting the dentist can be solved by …….

Answer 20

Providing information while allowing the patient to take some control over the environment

Question 21

In contrary to their behavior in the waiting room, anxious patients in the dental chair are …

Answer 21

quiet, hands clasped and minimal conversation

Question 22

Patients experiencing anxiety/distress need …. interpersonal space

Answer 22

more

Question 23

The bacteria that bridges early colonizers with the late is ………

Answer 23

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Question 24

The most objective indicator of gingival inflammation is ……

Answer 24

bleeding on probing

Question 25

To increase the width of the attached gingiva, we can do ....... or .......

Answer 25

free gingival graft, or apically positioned (full or partial) flap

Question 26

Miller classification is used to measure

Answer 26

gingival recession

Question 27

Periochip contains .......

Answer 27

Chlorhexidine

Question 28

After gingivectomy, surface epithelializtion occurs in .... days

Answer 28

5 - 14 days

Question 29

Nigro-straiatal pathway contain ......., and they're affected by antipsychotics

Answer 29

dopamine neurons | * Note: atropine is usually given with antipsychotics, to reduce the parkinson's like effects

Question 30

Why Halothane causes arrhythmia?

Answer 30

it sensitizes the heart to epi. effect

Question 31

Aspirin is ......... of COX

Answer 31

irreversible inhibitor | * All other NSAIDS are reversible

Question 32

The longer Q-T interval (naturally or from drugs) exposes the patient to ........

Answer 32

ventricular arrhythmia

Question 33

Lisinopril inhibits the breakdown of ...... in addition to its main action

Answer 33

bradykinin

Question 34

Insulin acts on ....... receptor, while prednisone acts on .......

Answer 34

ion channel receptor | nuclear receptor

Question 35

Mycoplasma pneumonia is not sensitive to penicillin because .......

Answer 35

it lacks a cell wall | * Use clarithromycin

Question 36

Penicillin half life is .......

Answer 36

30 mins | * rapid excretion in urine. Very little is metabolized

Question 37

Most common reason for fracture of occlusal rest is .....

Answer 37

improper rest seat prep

Question 38

Compomer cement is another name for .......

Answer 38

resin modified GI cement | * Note: contraindicated for cementation of all ceramic crowns

Question 39

To duplicate the Mandibular border movement of the patient, we use .......

Answer 39

ARCON type articulator

Question 40

The guiding plane of RPD main function is ......

Answer 40

provide a path of insertion | * also, some retention

Question 41

Alginate impression can be disinfected with .......

Answer 41

gluteraldehyde or idophor

Question 42

The retarder in alginate is .......

Answer 42

sodium phosphate | * Once used up reacting with calcium sulfate, the real reaction with (potassium alginate) starts

Question 43

Stiffest impression material is .......

Answer 43

``` poly ether (high modulus of elasticity) * Note: longest working time is reversible hydrocolloid ```

Question 44

In cold cured resin reaction, first, the activator ....... in the monomer activates ......, which gives free radicals

Answer 44

(tertiary amine) peroxide (the initiator) * In heat cured type, the activator is heat

Question 45

The least reproducible occlusal record is ......

Answer 45

protrusive

Question 46

All primary teeth begin forming between .... weeks | and they begin to calcify at ........

Answer 46

3-6 weeks in utero | 3.5 to 4.5 month in utero (second trimester)

Question 47

The axial wall of the occlusolingual amalgam prep should be .....

Answer 47

in the dentin and parallel to the DEJ (to provide retention)

Question 48

Health belief model asserts that health behavior is motivated by ........

Answer 48

understanding the disease seriousness and the consequences, and the benefits of carrying out the healthy behavior

Question 49

Retention in class V amalgam cavity is gained ......

Answer 49

in the axio-occlusal and the axio-gingival line angles at the expense of the occlusal and gingival walls (not the axial)

Question 50

For testing the difference between the means of two groups, we use ......

Answer 50

T test | * Note: the chi-square is good for testing whether two or more distributions differ

Question 51

Altered cast technique uses.......

Answer 51

the metal framework to hold a custom tray, to get an accurate relationship between the denture base and the framework prior to tooth arrangement, and to get maximum support for distal extension RPD

Question 52

The I Bar should be ....... from the gingival margin

Answer 52

2.5 mm

Question 53

The proximal guiding plane should be ..... the width between the cusps

Answer 53

2/3 (or 1/3 the buccolingual width) | * The height should be 2/3 of the enamel crown

Question 54

Work hardening increases ......... & decreases ........

Answer 54

hardness, strength and proportional limit * decrease ductility and corrosion resistance * An example, is burnishing a margin

Question 55

To reinforce a child positive behavior, the response must be .........

Answer 55

specific to the behavior (general is less effective) | * example, I like it when you sit quietly in the chair

Question 56

Distraction osteogenesis is ......

Answer 56

fracturing the bone into two segments, and moving them away gradually * Preferred over osteotomy when large movement is required

Question 57

Ectopic lymphoid tissue is usually found in ....

Answer 57

the floor of the mouth, and the lateral of the tongue

Question 58

All anterior teeth begin calcification at first 6 months of age except .....

Answer 58

Max. lateral incisor

Question 59

Well controlled diabetics have ..... periodontal disease prevalence as non diabetics

Answer 59

the same ratio

Question 60

Prilocaine causes methemoglobinemia because it is metabolised to .....

Answer 60

toluidine

Question 61

The distal extension base should extended ........ posteriorly

Answer 61

2/3 the length of edentulous ridge

Question 62

Syncope is characterized by the occurence of .....

Answer 62

a brief convulsion

Question 63

To manage a patient with an obstructed airway, we do .......

Answer 63

first, clear the pharynx, then extend the neck, protrude the mandible and tongue

Question 64

If you increase the length of the intermdiate chain of the L.A, you increase .......

Answer 64

potency

Question 65

Alveoloplasty after closed exo is done with ....

Answer 65

fingers

Question 66

If you bite on the left molar, the pressure in the right TMJ is ......

Answer 66

decrease

Question 67

The drug that causes most failures of contraceptives is .......

Answer 67

rifampin

Question 68

Casting shrinkage of Cr-Co is ........

Answer 68

2.2%

Question 69

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis occurs in .... age

Answer 69

1-5 years

Question 70

Before giving Fluoride supplement for a child, we should consider ........ & ............

Answer 70

fluoride content of water, and child's age

Question 71

Opioid receptor agonist and antagonist affinity is determined by .... ion

Answer 71

sodium

Question 72

Meprobamate action is similar to ......

Answer 72

Benzos | * It is an anxiolytic

Question 73

The mainstay treatment for depression is ....

Answer 73

TCA

Question 74

Least effective topical is ......

Answer 74

procaine

Question 75

Slowest route of adminstration is .......

Answer 75

oral

Question 76

Most common benign peripheral nerve tumor is ....

Answer 76

neurofibroma

Question 77

MEN III differes from the two other types by ....

Answer 77

presence of mucocutaneous neuromas | * Note: check for carcinoma of thyroid

Question 78

Patients with cyclic neutropenia shows oral manifestation of .....

Answer 78

severe gingivitis

Question 79

AO on Max. second molar with 4 canals has ....... outline

Answer 79

triangular

Question 80

What is the difference between osteotomy and osteoctomy?

Answer 80

Osteotomy: removal of non tooth supporting bone Osteoctomy: removal of tooth supporting bone

Question 81

Cyclosporine function is .......

Answer 81

prevent transplant rejection, by inhibiting T cell function