Prostho Lec midterms Flashcards
`branch of dentistry pertaining to the restoration and maintenance of oral function, comfort, appearance and health of the patient by the restoration of the natural teeth or the replacement of missing teeth and contiguous oral and maxillofacial tissues with artificial substitutes or by both.
Prosthodontics
branch of prosthodontics concerned with the replacement or restoration of teeth and contiguous structures for edentulous or partially edentulous patients by artificial substitutes that are removable from the mouth
Removable partial denture
Dental prosthesis to be used in the course of the treatment for short time intervals for the reasons of esthetics, mastication, and occlusal support and convenience for conditioning of the patient to the acceptance of an artificial.
Substitute for missing natural teeth until a more definitive dental treatment can be provided.
Serves as band aid (prevent further bleeding)
Training denture
Temporary
Interim denture
Indications of Interim Denture:
- Insufficient time for complete mouth rehabilitation
- Poor health of the patient
- Premature loss of teeth in young patient
- Recent extraction cases
artificial teeth (any replacement of natural teeth)
Pontics
Prosthesis that serve as temporary denture to which teeth will be added as more teeth are lost and that will be replaced after post-extraction tissue changes have occurred.
It can become an interim denture when all teeth have been removed from the dental arches.
TRANSITIONAL DENTURE
Dental prosthesis used for treating or conditioning the tissues that are called on to support and retain the denture base.
Socket is usually left open after extraction so treatment denture is put on the socket to delay bone resorption.
Treatment denture
Indication of Treatment Denture:
- Establish new occlusal relationship
- Restoration of new vertical dimension
Vertical dimension- height of teeth in relation to the ridge when they are in occlusion.
Teeth do not become longer but
supraverted because there is no tooth
contact. (Supraversion)
Tooth are suspended on socket by PDL. - Conditioning of abused tissues prior to construction of a definitive prosthesis
A synonym for a prosthesis that is usually temporary clasps less and made of acrylic resin, and that replaces anterior teeth only.
Retained mechanically by clasp arms (metal embracing the tooth or AKA direct retainers)
Temporary denture
Butterfly Partial Denture
A term used to designate a temporary prosthesis made as an interim measure to help the patient become accustomed to an artificial replacement.
Provisional Denture
A prosthesis used to provide the patient with a tide over cosmetic facade until missing anterior teeth can be restored with a more definitive type of a replacement.
AIM: Appearance
Temporary Denture
Classification of RPD according to location:
- UNILATERAL RPD
- BILATERAL RPD
Replaces missing tooth or teeth in one side of the arch only (except for extensive class II Kennedy’s classification)
UNILATERAL RPD
Replaces missing tooth or teeth on both sides of the dental arch.
Extended from one side to other sides by clasp arms
BILATERAL RPD
Classification of of RPD according to supporting structures:
- Tooth borne
- Tissue borne
- Tooth-Tissue borne
receives support from the abutment teeth which are located anteriorly and posteriorly from the edentulous
TOOTH BORNE
derives support entirely from tissues or underlying mucosa and bone. (RPD without clasp)
TISSUE BORNE
supported by both abutment teeth, mucosa and underlying bone. This is referred to as “true RPD” and has at least a free and extension base.
Support from tissues without clasp (ex. Butterfly PD)
Denture rests on top of mucosa
TOOTH-TISSUE BORNE
Classification of RPD according to materials used
- One-piece casting- all metal
- Once-piece casting (skeleton type)
- Individually cast clasp assembly- denture
has undergone casting procedure (casting-
metal clasp) - Wire clasp assembly- for certain occasions,
emergency; not used in RPD because it’s
not rigid - Retention plate partial denture – made up of acrylic resin (no metal clasps) – aka Butterfly PD
all metal in Classification of RPD according to materials used:
One-piece casting
Once-piece casting in Classification of RPD according to materials used:
(skeleton type)
Denture has undergone casting procedure (casting metal clasp)
Individually cast clasp assembly
Made up of acrylic resin (no metal clasps) – aka
Butterfly PD
Retention plate partial denture
Consists of parts of partial denture (except
for denture base and pontics) that are
casted in one piece.
ONE-PIECE CASTING
- Same as one piece casting except for the
skeleton like framework which was to be
filled mostly by resin materials. - Combination of metal clasp for hard palate
and acrylic resin on soft palate
ONE-PIECE CASTING (SKELETON TYPE)
- Only the clasps assembly are casted and
the rest are filled by resin materials.
INDIVIDUALLY CAST CLASP ASSEMBLY
- Utilizes orthodontic wires for its clasps and
the rest are to be filled up by resin materials.
WIRE CLASP ASSEMBLY
- Without any clasps assembly, uses the full
coverage of the palate as the means of
support and retention of denture. - Minor connector- connects the clasps into
the body - PURPOSE: Aesthetics
RETENTION PLATE PARTIAL DENTURE
Indication of RPD:
- Distal extension areas – distal free end
cases. (no posterior) - Long edentulous areas (multiple extractions
of natural tooth – 3 or more) - Restoration of facial contours
(sunken appearance) - As a transitional prosthesis
- Alteration of vertical dimension
- Children and adolescent
- Shortened life expectancy
- Unblemished abutment
- Extreme atrophic residual ridge (diminish
bone after extraction) - Patient with diabetes. (rate of bone
resorption is faster – add acrylic if ridge
resorb) - Obliteration of cleft palate. (obturatorremovable appliance/ restoration)
- Cross arch bracing
Classification of partially edentulous arches:
Objectives
Classification methods for partially edentulous
arches:
- Classification based on restored condition
a. Cummer’s classification
b. Bechet’s classification - Classification based on unrestored condition
a. Austin-ledge classification
b. Kennedy’s classification
Bilateral edentulous areas located posteriors to the remaining natural teeth.
CLASS I
A unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.
CLASS II
A unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth remaining both anterior and posterior to it. (tooth bounded case)
CLASS III
a single but bilateral (crossing the mid-line), edentulous area
located anterior to the remaining natural.
CLASS IV
a single but bilateral (crossing the mid-line), edentulous area
located anterior to the remaining natural.
CLASS IV
moving muscle
Labial and lingual frenum
considered as undercuts
Sulcus
COMPONENTS OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL
DENTURE
Parts of the metal framework
- Major Connector
- Minor Connector- support
- Direct Retainer- embraces the tooth
- Rest- name is dependent on location (ex.
occlusal area = occlusal rest; prevents
vertical movement) - Denture Base retaining element- acrylic
resin where pontics are placed (criss
cross/mesh pattern) - Proximal plate- prevent migration of teeth;
give stability to denture - Tissue stop- commonly situated in
mandibular dentition
Parts of the metal framework
Minor Connector is for…
support
Parts of the metal framework
Direct Retainer is for…
embraces the tooth
Parts of the metal framework
Rest is..
name is dependent on location (ex. occlusal area = occlusal rest; prevents)
Parts of the metal framework
Denture Base retaining element is an….
acrylic resin where pontics are placed (criss
cross/mesh pattern)
Parts of the metal framework
Proximal plate use to…
prevent migration of teeth; give stability to denture
Parts of the metal framework
Tissue stop is…
commonly situated in mandibular dentition
Any form of attachment applied directly to
an abutment tooth used for fixation and
retention of the prosthesis.
Retainer
Types of retainer:
- Direct Retainer
- Indirect retainer
- A clasp or attachment to an abutment tooth
for the purpose of retaining the removable
partial denture in place and limits the
displacement of the removable partial
denture in an occlusal direction - Fixation and retention
Direct Retainer
Types of direct retainer:
- Extracoronal- situated external (outside of
the tooth)
a) Circumferential (clasp)
b) Bar-type – don’t embrace the tooth - Intracoronal (precision and semi-precision
attachment) – inside the tooth
Types of direct retainer:
- situated external (outside of the tooth)
Extracoronal
Types of direct retainer:
- don’t embrace the tooth
Bar-type
Types of direct retainer:
- (precision and semi-precision attachment) – inside the tooth
Intracoronal
any part of the removable partial denture
framework which assist the direct retainer
in preventing displacement of an
extension base by functioning through a
lever action on the opposite side of the
fulcrum line. Some of the components that
act as indirect retainers are as follows:
Indirect retainer
Component of the partial denture placed on
the abutment tooth in a prepared rest seat,
so as to limit the movement of the denture
in a gingival direction.
Rest
Basic types of rest:
- Occlusal Rest
- Incisal Rest
- Cingulum or lingual rest
Part of the partial denture that connects the
part of the prosthesis located on one side of
the arch with those on the opposite side of
the arch.
Major Connector
Types of major connector (accdg. To location)
- Maxillary major connector
- Mandibular major connector
Types of maxillary major connector:
- Single palatal strap
- Antero-posterior palatal strap (double palatal
strap) - U-shaped palatal strap (horse-shoe strap)
- Full palatal connector
Types of mandibular major connectors:
- Lingual Bar
- Linguoplate
- Lingual bar with continuous bar retainer
(Kennedy’s bar) - Labial Bar
- Swinglock
Unit of partial denture framework that
connects the other component of the partial
denture to the major connector.
Minor connector
Extension of the finish line which serves to
support the denture base by retaining the
resin base to the framework. This do not
contact the oral mucosa
Denture retention area
- A metal projection arising below the mesh
that contacts the underlying ridge to prevent
the mesh from touching the cast during packing of resin.
This is usually seen in distal extension cases. - Distal and mandibular
Tissue stop
Types of finish lines:
- Internal finish line- loob ng denture
- External finish line- labas ng denture
rests on top of residual ridge (area of
resent extraction)
Saddle
Component of an RPD that rests on the
residual ridge and to w/c the teeth are
attached.
Denture base
- The process of analyzing the planning cast
(study cast) for the purpose of establishing
the structural details of the RPD. - All surveying are done in___
- Surveying
- Study cast
Development of cast surveyor
- Fortunati
- Ney Surveyor
The first to use a mechanical device
for determining the relative parallelism of two or
more tooth surfaces, having demonstrated the
principle with a bridge parallelometer in 1918.
Fortunati
First surveyor used. It was
designed by J.M Ney Company of Bloomfield,
Connecticut.
Ney Surveyor
Purpose of surveyor
- Surveying of the diagnostic cast
- Recontouring abutment teeth on the diagnostic
cast (change shape of abutment tooth to accomplish
more profound RPD) - Contouring wax patterns
- Measuring specific depth of undercuts
- Surveying ceramic veneer crowns
- Placing the intraoral retainers
- Placing internal rests
- Machining cast restoration
Tools found in the tool holder
- Analyzing rod
- Graphite marker
- Undercut Gauge
To reveal to the designer those physical
characteristics of the mouth that favors the
design of a successful prosthesis as well as
deterrents to the most favorable results.
Objectives of dental surveying
Path of Insertion- ideal insert: vertical insertion
Suprabulge- non-undercut
Infrabulge- below survey line/ undercut
