Interpro

Question 1

In its simplest form, _________ is the practice of approaching patient care from a team-based perspective.

Answer 1

interprofessional collaboration

Question 2

Integral part of health and social care across settings

Answer 2

Collaboration and teamwork

Question 3

It provides foundation for relational care

Answer 3

Collaboration and teamwork

Question 4

Ensure client safety and to improve quality of care by working collaboratively with representatives from a variety of professions on the team

Answer 4

GOAL OF INTERPRO

Question 5

Each member of the healthcare team working together toward an established goal with respect to client safety and improved quality of care

Answer 5

team effectiveness

Question 6

Knowledge of not only your own role, responsibilities, values and scope of practice, but also those of other healthcare professionals you work alongside

Answer 6

Role classification

Question 7

• Listening
  -Giving and receiving feedback
  -Effectively sharing information using common language
  -Dealing with conflict

Answer 7

Interprofessional communication skills

Question 8

Willingness to engage in teamwork

Answer 8

Attitude

Question 9

An emphasis on collaborating communicating, and engaging with values and ethics in the health care tea m are essential constructs towards successful interprofessional practice

Question 10

When two or more professions learn about, from and with each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes

Answer 10

Interprofessional Education (IPE)

Question 11

Multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds provide comprehensive services by working with patients, their families, caregivers and communities to deliver the highest quality of care across setting

Answer 11

Interprofessional Collaborative Practice (IPCP)

Question 12

Defined as the provision of comprehensive health services to patients by multiple health-care providers in various fields working collaboratively to deliver quality care within and across settings.

Answer 12

Interprofessional care (IPC)

Question 13

Interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) has emerged in health care over several decades, but has garnered more support, particularly in the past 15 years, as a means to address medical error. Also, the advent of patient-centered medical homes and family home teams and a global shortage of primary care providers in areas with major health disparities have made IPCP an attractive model to, it is hoped, provide better care to populations of health care users.

Answer 13

INTERPROFESSIONAL COLLABORATION

Question 14

Collaborative practice in health-care occurs when multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds provide comprehensive services by working with patients, their families, careers and communities to deliver the highest quality of care across settings.

The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation addresses the inherent power struggles and necessary culture changes in its definition of interprofessional collaboration in healthcare: “Effective interprofessional collaboration promotes the active participation of each discipline in patient care, where all disciplines are working together and fully engaging patients and those who support them, and leadership on the team adapts based on patient needs … It fosters respect for the disciplinary contributions of all professionals.”

Interprofessional collaboration in healthcare isn’t a new concept. In 1972, the Institute of Medicine called for team-based patient care as a way to improve patient outcomes and safety.

Question 15

Why do we need interprofessional collaboration?

Effective interprofessional collaborative practice (ICP) can lead to:

improved access to health interventions and improved coordination between different sectors for individuals and their families with more involvement in decision making;

a comprehensive, coordinated and safe health system that is responsive to the needs of the population;

efficient use of resources;

reduced incidence and prevalence of disability. In particular disability associated with noncommunicable diseases when health systems embrace ICP across the full course of the disease (health promotion, illness and injury prevention as well as disease management and cure, and rehabilitation); and

increased job satisfaction, with reduced stress and burnout of health professionals.

Question 16

How can we collaborate between the professions?

In a culture of social responsiveness, effective ICP should be guided by the following principles:

Policies and governance structures facilitate and support opportunities for ICP

Governments and agencies must provide appropriate funding and structure health systems to support ICP. These include not only health services and systems but also health professional education and regulation.

Health professional associations should be actively engaged together in discussions and development of ICP policy, governance structures and funding models.

Professional regulatory systems and processes including professional competencies, practice standards, and scopes of practice should permit and facilitate effective collaborative practice.

Question 17

Health system infrastructures enable ICP

There must be a sufficient supply of health professionals to meet population needs.

Collaborative teams should have appropriate and complementary skills, thus ensuring access to the right professional at the right time in the right place. The skill mix will differ according to the purpose of the team that has been brought together, the characteristics and needs of patients/clients and the practice setting.

Administrative systems (including human resources and financial planning, budget setting and reimbursement) should all support collaboration.

ICP should apply across the continuum of health services, including preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative professional services.

Question 18

Education programmes and opportunities promote and facilitate shared learning

Initial (professional entry level) and post professional education, including advanced levels of education and continuing professional development programs should adopt a philosophy of ICP and include opportunities for joint and person-centered, problem-oriented learning and professional socialization, in both clinical and academic environments.

Education program accreditation requirements should address the need to facilitate shared learning and to prepare graduates for ICP.

Question 19

ICP policies and practice are based on sound available evidence

The evidence for the efficacy of ICP for health outcomes continues to be built. Effective monitoring of health outcomes, practice and research in diverse communities and settings is required and the best ways to educate interprofessionally need to be researched.

Widely accessible health information systems generating current and accurate information are required to support ICP. Health information systems are also needed for the evaluation and monitoring of health outcomes and to build the evidence base for informing policy.

For effective ICP, health systems that support information sharing, within the appropriate privacy and confidentiality constraints, are required.

Question 20

Professional practice centers on the needs of the individual recognizing the skills and attributes of individual professions

ICP supports person centered practice. By placing the focus on the needs of individuals, their families and communities and recognizing they are part of the collaborative team, professional differences are minimized and shared decision making is developed in partnership.

ICP requires mutual respect, competence, trust and synergy among team members. Professionals, sharing a common purpose, recognize and respect each other’s body of knowledge, role and team-agreed responsibilities. When the individual contributions of all professionals are recognized, there is more likely to be appropriate and timely referral and a good matching of competencies to a person’s needs. Whenever there are overlapping scopes of practice, collaborative teams ensure that the professional with the best match of expertise to the needs of the individual is engaged at the appropriate time.

ICP requires effective communication, enhanced by team members talking and actively listening to each other and to the individual concerned and his/her significant others