prosthetic and orthotics

Question 1

decreasing heel lever does what to stability?

Answer 1

promotes stability

Question 2

increasing the toe lever does what to stability?

Answer 2

promotes stability

Question 3

if the socket is extended, what happens to stability?

Answer 3

promotes stability

Question 4

when a socket is extended, it places the ground reaction forces _______ the knee

Answer 4

anterior to knee promoting stability in knee extension

Question 5

does a stiffer or softer heel cushion promote knee flexion and mobilty?

Answer 5

stiffer

Question 6

what adjustments promote mobility?

Answer 6

socket flexion
socket anterior to foot
dorsiflexion
stiffer heel cushion

Question 7

what adjustments promote stability?

Answer 7

socket ext
socket posterior to foot
plantarflexion
softer heel cushion

Question 8

a patient with weak quads would benefit from the foot being?

Answer 8

plantarflexed

Question 9

placing the socket anterior to the foot causes the GRF to be?

Answer 9

posterior to the knee increasing mobility

Question 10

what ares are pressure sensitive for a transtibial prosthesis?

Answer 10

fibula head
tibial crest
tibial condyles
distal ended of the fib and tib

Question 11

what is added to the socket to take pressure from sensitive areas?

Answer 11

interior concavitites

Question 12

failure to achieve distal contact can reduce the pressure distribution and can lead to?

Answer 12

verrucous hyperplasia

Question 13

the posterior wall should be shorter where?

Answer 13

medial and lateral

Question 14

which is shorter, the posterior medial wall or the posterior lateral wall and why?

Answer 14

posterior medial should be lower to avoid impingement of hamstring tendons

Question 15

what is the oldest transtibial socket design?

Answer 15

patellar tendon bearing

Question 16

the total surface resembles the PTB design, but the ________ is reduced

Answer 16

anterior build up

Question 17

the socket is adjusted how in the sagittal plane

Answer 17

flexed 5 degrees

Question 18

why is the socket flexed 5 degrees

Answer 18

enhance loading on the pressure tolerant patellar ligamet

Question 19

if the patient has poor control of the knee, the socket is placed where in location to the foot?

Answer 19

posterior, GRF in front of knee

Question 20

heel wedging has what effect on the patellar ligament

Answer 20

reduces pressure on pattellar ligament but increases it on the distal tibia

Question 21

in the frontal plane, the a socket is adjusted in ?

Answer 21

5 degrees adduction

Question 22

why is the socket placed in 5 degrees of adduction?

Answer 22

take pressure of fib head

Question 23

in the frontal plane, where is the foot placed and why?

Answer 23

usually medial to the socket to reduce proximolateral load and keeps the walking base within the normal 2 to 4 inch range

Question 24

what can excessive medal placement of the orthotic foot cause?

Answer 24

increase pressure on the distal end of the fibula

Question 25

if a heel is too soft, then the patient will walk with limited?

Answer 25

knee flexion

Question 26

if a heel is too firm, then the patient will walk with excessive

Answer 26

knee flexion

Question 27

heel rocker beings at _______ and end at ________; occurs during the ______ _____ when ankle PF and knee ext are working ___________

Answer 27

initial contact
foot flat
loading response
eccentrically

Question 28

ankle rocker occurs when?

Answer 28

the tibia advances over the ankle-foot complex during midstance

Question 29

what muscles are working during ankle rocker?

Answer 29

PL to control tibial progression eccentrically

Question 30

forefoot rocker (toe) begins?

Answer 30

as the heel rises of the ground until push off